Methane series

The higher homologues of the methane series of alcohols are found, sometimes in the merest traces only, in certain essential oils, but then-value in perfumery has been so well established that a number of them are now manufactured as synthetics . 

GrenzflSjchen-erscheinung, /. interfacial phenomenon, -katalyse, /, contact catalysis, -spannung, /. interfacial tension. Grenz-gesetz, n. limit law (one which natural phenomena approximate but never actually fulfill), -kohlenwasserstoff, m, any hydrocarbon of the methane series, alkane, paraffin, limit hydrocarbon, -kurve,/, limiting curve, limit curve, -last, /. limit ioad, maximum load, -leistung, /, peak performance, maxi-... 

Altunin, V. V., V. Z. Geller, E. K. Petrov, D. C. Rasskazov, and G. A. Spiridonov, THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FREONS. Methane Series, Part 1, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York, NY (1987). 

Kerosene (Kerosine, Coal Oil, Astral Oil). A mixt of petroleum hydrocarbons, chiefly of the methane series having from 1Q to 16 carbon atoms per molecule. It constitutes the fifth fraction in the distn of petroleum, after the petroleum ethers and before the oils. Pale yel or w-white, mobile liq characteristic, not altogether disagreeable odor bp 175-325°, flash pt 150-185°F, d about 0.80g/cc. Insol in w, misc with other petroleum solvents. Besides uses as a fuel, illuminant and cleansing agent, it is used as a rocket and jet engine fuel (Refs 1, 3 4)... 

The deshielding effect of Ideshielding effect within the methane series than the primary alkyl series. 

The four first members of the methane series are gases those containing a greater number of atoms of carbon up to eleven are liquids, and the higher members are solids. The paraffin oil which is burned in lamps consists of a mixture of the liquid members, and paraffin candles largely consist of the solid members. They are all practically insoluble in water. The olefines have similar physical properties, and benzene is a volatile liquid. Iodine, sulphur, and phosphorus dissolve in the liquid hydrocarbons. 

For an equal weight of nitrogen the condensation of the hydrocarbon residue combined with the nitrogen increases in the transition from derivatives of hydrocarbons to those of the. alcohols, excepting the polyamines resulting from the methane series. This is very evident if the composition of the mentioned hydrocarbon residues is referred to an equal number of carbon atoms. The same increase is found if we pass from the derivatives of the alcohols to those of the primary bases excepting the compounds of the ethane series. This condensation is twice as large with the products from diamines as with those from monamines. 

The slight increase m oxygen noticeable on ascending the methane series of hydrocarbons is probably due to the highly extinctive effect of the increasing proportion of carbon dioxide, to which reference has already been made. The low oxygen content in the case of hydrogen is noteworthy. 

Altunin VV. Thermophysical Properties of Freons Methane Series. Washington, DC Hemisphere Publishing Company, 1987. 

This article starts with a discussion of the parent hydrides, MH (M = C, Si, and Ge, n = 2-4), highlighting the major differences between the methane series and the silane and germane series. Some attention is paid to substituent effects on bond energies and geometries, and we introduce the important notion of the divalent state stabilization energy (DSSE). After laying this foundation, Si=C and Ge=C compounds are reviewed. This is followed by Si=Si, Ge=Ge, and Ge=Si doubly bonded structures and their isomers. Finally, triply bonded Si==C, Si=Si, and Ge=Ge compounds are briefly considered. 

PROP A pale-yellow to water-white, oily Equid. Bp 175-325°, ULC 40, flash p 150-185°F, d 0.80 to <1.0, lei 0.7%, uel 5.0%, autoign temp 410°F, vap d 4.5. Insol in water misc with other pet solvents. A mixture of petroleum hydrocarbons, chiefly of the methane series having from 10-16 carbon atoms per molecule. 

Metliane is the first member of a series of hydrocarbons having the genera] fc rmula CnH2nt i>, called the methane series or paraffin series. The first members of this series are listed below ... 

Each of these groups of substances may be sub-divided into four series The first three of these comprise the aliphatic compounds derived from methane (series I), ethane (series II) and propane (series III). The fourth series comprises the aromatic compounds derived from benzene and its homologues. 

This general method of synthesis has been applied to each member of the methane series with the result that each hydrocarbon has been proven to be the methyl substitution product of another hydrocarbon containing one less carbon atom. We have then for the successive members of the series a continually elongating chain of carbon groups, each group being a residue of methane. For the first six members the formulas are as follows ... 

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