Methane-ethane-carbon

Chloroform in aqueous solutions at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10% of the solubility limit were subjected to y rays. At a given radiation dose, as the concentration of the solution decreased, the rate of decomposition increased. As the radiation dose and solute concentration were increased, the concentrations of the following degradation products also increased methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and chloride ions. Conversely, the concentration of oxygen decreased with increased radiation dose and solute concentration (Wu et al, 2002). 

In this regard, it is well to remember the role which the wall plays on the nature of the products obtained from gas phase oxidation. There is certainly common agreement that walls and wall reactions are important in this respect. For example, Hay et al. (11) have shown the importance of the walls in determining the nature and composition of the oxygenated products from 2-butane + 02 at 270°C. Cohens study on the photo-oxidation of acetone also illustrates this point (10). He found that if acetone is photolyzed by itself in a quartz vessel, the normal products—methane, ethane, carbon monoxide, and methyl ethyl ketone— are produced. 

Of the natural gas components that form simple hydrates, nitrogen, propane, and iso-butane are known to form structure II. Methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide all form si as simple hydrates. Yet, because the larger molecules of propane and iso-butane only fit into the large cavity of structure II, natural gas mixtures containing propane and iso-butane usually form structure II hydrate (see Section 2.1.3.3 in the subsection on structural changes in binary hydrate structure). 

The data were modeled with one fitted parameter (K ) for hydrate growth of simple hydrate formers of methane, ethane, carbon dioxide. Since all these model components form si hydrate, the model should be used with caution for sll and sH. 

The hydrocarbon products of the plant falls naturally into four fractions. The first fraction consists of "light-gas", e.g. methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, etc. These comprise approximately 1-2% of the output and has no major potential use as a chemical feedstock. The second fraction (>20% of the output) consists of the "readily-condensible" gases, e.g. propane, n-butane and isobutane this can be regarded as the LPG fraction. The third fraction consists of approximately 33-45% of aliphatic liquid hydrocarbons and the fourth fraction can be arbitrarily divided into light and heavy aromatic hydrocarbons. 

There is another, very important and large repository of methane methane hydrates (also known as gas hydrates or clathrates Kvenvolden 1988).They comprise ice in which the interstices of the lattice house small molecules, such as methane, ethane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide. In fact, enough gas needs to be present to fill 90% of the interstices in order for the hydrate to form, and it has a different crystal structure from normal ice (Sloan 1990). If fully saturated, the most common crystalline structure can hold one molecule of methane for every 5.75 molecules of water, so lm3 of hydrate can contain 164 m3 of methane at STP (see Box 4.8).The solubility of methane in water is insufficient to account for hydrate formation, and a major nearby source is required, typically methanogenesis, based on the dominance of methane (99%) and its very light isotopic composition (813C generally <—60%o see Section 5.8.2). 

Figure 3. Liquid composition at the solid-liquid-vapor condition in the methane-ethane-carbon dioxide ternary system ( ), —84.9°F (A), -90°F (M), —100°F ( ), -I29.9°F ( ), -I<50°F.

Experimental apparatus Electromagnetic emission source, electromagnetic energy meter (tesla), high frequency mechanical wave recorder, coal and rock strain recorder, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide sensors, data logger. 

Write all model equations for a mixture of methane, ethane, carbon dioxide and H2S, and then confirm degrees of freedom given in Section 4.2.3. 

The carbon dioxide K-value has a definite effect on plant operation and recovery, since the carbon dioxide freezing conditions must be avoided. No data exist in the region of interest for the ternary methane-ethane-carbon dioxide system such data would be useful for evaluation of these K-value correlations. 

The mass of the outer cloud is assumed to be about 5 times the mass of the Earth, the number of objects larger than about 1 km is several 10. The majority of the objects consist of ices such as water, methane, ethane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. There are also indications, that rocky objects may exist there. 

Riazi and Vera (2005) proposed a parafflnic/naphthenic/aromatic compositional model for calculating the solubility of light gases such as methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen in various petroleum and coal liquid fractions under different conditions of temperature and pressure. The proposed method derived correlations where the solubility of a gas in a liquid mixture, in terms of its mole fraction, can be calculated from the vapor-liquid equilibrium. 

---