Meniscal Injuries

The ability of MSCs to induce tissue regeneration without an immune response was investigated in a goat model of meniscal injury. Donor MSCs were injected into the damaged meniscus in the knee joint on days 7, 14 and 21 (10 million MSCs per injection). Ex vivo examinations showed that MSCs suppressed T-cell alloreactivity selectively, maintaining some types of T-cell responses [656698]. 

In children with ligamental injuries, it is important to detect associated meniscal injuries (Williams et al. 1996) and occult physeal injury as physeal arrest can occasionally occur following non-physeal injury of the lower extremity (Hresko and Kasser 1989). 

Furthermore, ACL tears are often associated with injuries to additional structures, such as the medial collateral ligament, meniscal tears, and Segond fracmres, which are capsular avulsion fractures of the lateral tibial plateau, found in 6-13 % of ACL ruptures [27] (Fig. 12.4C). 

Uchio Y, Ochi M, Adachi N, Kawasaki K, Iwasa J (2003) Results of rasping of meniscal tears with and without anterior cruciate ligament injury as evaluated by second-look arthroscopy. Arthroscopy 19 463 69... 

Radiographs can identify associated avulsion injuries, such as Pelegrini-Stieda lesions (avulsion of the medial femoral condyle at the origin of the medial collateral ligament) and Segond lesion (avulsion fracture of the lateral tihial plateau). Segond fractures are associated with LCL, ACL and meniscal tears (Sferopoulos et al. 2006). 

Posterior cruciate ligament injuries (PCL), as in adults, are less common than ACL injuries. In infants and children, it must he remembered that the PCL lies in a more horizontal position than in adults and this must not be confused with injury. Secondary signs of a PCL tear include posterior suhluxation of the tibia, associated tears of the ACL, meniscal tears and avulsion of the tibial insertion (Ross and Chesterman 1986). 

Williams JS, Abate JA, Fadale PD et al (1996) Meniscal and nonosseous ACL injuries in children and adolescents. Am J Knee Surg 9 22-26... 

Lateral knee pain is a common clinical challenge that may be secondary to a variety of soft-tissue and intra-articular disorders. US is able to provide clinically useful information to identify injuries of the lateral collateral ligament and the iliotibial band as well as meniscal cysts. In addition, it can give a full depiction of ganglion cysts arising from the... 

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