Melt spinning process schematic

Figure 14. Inviscid melt spinning process (schematic drawing). Redrawn from F. T. Wallenbeiger, N. E. Weston and S. A. Dunn, Inviscid melt spinning as-spun amorphous alumina fibers. Materials Letters, 2 [4] 121-127 (1990).

Figure 12.7 Schematic of the melt-spinning process used to produce PET fibers...

Figure 1 Schematic View of Melt Spinning Process Reproduced with permission from Ref. 2. Copyright 1982.

Figure 38-3. Spinning processes (schematic). (I) Melt spinning, (II) dry spinning, (111) wet spinning P, spin pump A, precipitation bath B, drawing bath.

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a melt-spinning process for production of a continuous filament yarn 1, polymer granules 2, dryer 3, screw extruder 4, manifold 5, metering pump 6, filter 7, spinneret 8, quench air source 9, convergence...

Fig. 14.1 (a) Schematic representation of the melt fiber spinning process, (b) Photograph of a... 

Figure 1 provides a simplified process schematic. An excellent general reference on fiber spinning is A. Ziabicki, Fundamentals of Fiber Formation, Wiley, New York (1976). ISBN 0471982202. A classic article which emphasizes structure development during melt spinning is J.R. Dees and J.E. Spruiell, 7. AppL Polym, ScL, 18, pp. 1053-1078 (1974). 

Figure 4.31 Schematic of process for melt spinning mesophase precursor fibers. Source Reprinted with permission from Edie DD, Diefendorf RJ, Carbon fibre manufacturing, Buckley JD, Edie DD eds., Carbon-Carbon Materials and Composites, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, 1993. Copyright 1993, William Andrew Publishing.

Polymer melt spinning is one of the major processes for the manufacture of synthetic fibers. Typically, a polymer melt is extruded vertically downward through a spinneret or die, which may have hundreds of openings. The resulting filaments are simultaneously cooled by crossflow air and are stretched by the action of rollers. On solidification, the yam is wound onto a bobbin. Different aspects of this operation have been described in the literature.(, 59-63) When the fiber-spinning process is used as an extensional viscometer, the setup is simplified and only a single filament of circular cross section is employed. This is shown schematically in Fig 6. Also, the operation is run in an isothermal manner by spinning into an isothermal oven. 

Figure 9.24 Schematic of traditional melt spin-draw process and liquid isothermal bath (LIB) process.

Wet Spinning. This wet spinning process is appropriate for thermally labile polymers that cannot be melted without degradation and for which no volatile solvent exists. Its principle is shown schematically in Figure 13.18. The collodion is coagulated in a bath containing, in addition to a nonsolvent, various additives to be incorporated in the fiber. 

Melt or solution spinning of synthetic fibers is a marvel of modern technology. Fiber lubrication, which is of the utmost importance in this high-speed process, is achieved by the application of spin finish—a combination of oils and surfactants. A typical spin line for the production of polyester staple fiber is shown schematically in Figure 2. The number of filaments, which can vary from tens to thousands, come into contact with various parts of the machinery, some of which are heated for proper fiber modification. To replenish the lost finish and to ensure adequate lubrication,... 

Several methods for both melt and gel spinning have been developed, differing in certain details of the process. A schematic description of the basic steps of these various procedures is given in Table 22.11. 

Textile fibers, formed by melt extrusion or solution spinning, as shown in the schematic in Fig. 1.6 [26], are crystallized and then drawn, creating a highly oriented structure similar to that described for the drawing of bulk polymers. Films are also formed by extrusion and drawing processes with uniaxial or biaxial structures. In... 

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