Medical treatment ointment

The World Health Organization (WHO) in its May 2002 report estimated that currently up to 80% of the African people and a significant percentage of the worldwide population still practice some form of traditional medical treatment. Typically, these treatments are in the forms of decoctions, tinctures, syrups, or ointments with plant or animal products (see Exhibit 3.1). 

It is sometimes recommended that persons subject to allergy should not be allowed to come in contact with epoxy resin systems. This would be an improbably measure to observe, it must be kept in mind that exposure to epoxy resin systems cannot cause anything but skin dermatitis. There has been absolutely no evidence of any carcinogenic effect from contact with these systems. Where slight irritations occur, desensitization should first be attempted. If eczema occurs, standard medical treatment should be provided. Antihistamine drugs may be used only to reduce itching. In severe cases, such as in the second stage of dermatosis, cortisone ointments have been used successfully to relieve the symptoms. It should be kept in mind that if protective measures are scrupulously observed, incidents of dermatoses from epoxy resin systems can be kept to a very low minimum. There is no reason for any concern in the use of these systems in the construction industry. 

If burns are minor, apply a burn ointment. In the case of serious burns, do not apply any ointment seek professional medical treatment at once. 

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Sahcyhc acid USP, EP, and other pharmacopeia grades are used medically as antiseptic, disinfectant, antifungal, and keratolytic agents. Sahcyhc acid is formulated in lotion or ointment formulations for the treatment of dandmff, eczema, psoriasis, and various parasitic skin diseases. Because the keratolytic property of this aromatic acid has use in the safe removal of dead skin cells from the surface of healthy skin, the acid is used in concentrated sahcyhc acid solutions or suspensions to remove warts and corns. In more dilute form, sahcyhc acid preparations have found use in dandmff and eczema treatment. Sahcyhc acid has been considered and found effective by the Advisory Committees to the FDA in various over-the-counter (OTC) dmg regulated uses. Among these are acne products, dermatitis, dry skin, dandmff and psoriasis products, and foot care products (24). 

Sorbitan sesquioleate emulsions of petrolatum and wax are used as ointment vehicles in skin treatment. In topical appHcations, the inclusion of both sorbitan fatty esters and their poly(oxyethylene) derivatives modifies the rate of release and promotes the absorption of antibiotics, antiseptics, local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, and other medications from suppositories, ointments, and lotions. Poly(oxyethylene(20)) sorbitan monooleate, also known as Polysorbate 80 (USP 23), has been used to promote absorption of ingested fats from the intestine (245). 

Transdermal delivery of certain APIs is now common for the treatment of some medical conditions, and there are several excipients that are promoted as transdermal penetration enhancers. One of the earlier materials developed was laurocapram (Azone ). There is a detrimental interaction between laurocapram and mineral oil (liquid paraffin) whereby when both are included in the same formulation, the skin penetration-enhancing properties of laurocapram are lost. Such interactions have implications for extemporaneous mixing of different cream and ointment formulations in the pharmacy. 

The ointment persists longer on the corneal surface and needs to be applied only twice daily, but can cause stickiness and blurring of vision. Drops are used four times daily. Treatment should be continued for 24 hours after symptoms have cleared. If symptoms do not significantly improve within 48 hours, treatment should be discontinued and the patient referred for medical advice. 

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