Matter liquids and

Recall that atoms can form stable units called molecules by sharing electrons. This is called intramolecular (within the molecule) bonding. In this chapter we will consider the properties of the condensed states of matter (liquids and solids) and the forces that cause the aggregation of the components of a substance to form a liquid or a solid. These forces may involve covalent or ionic bonding, or they may involve weaker interactions usually called intermolecular forces (because they occur between, rather than within, molecules). 

Condensed states of matter liquids and solids. (16.1) Conduction bands the molecular orbitals that can be occupied by mobile electrons, which are free to travel throughout a metal crystal to conduct electricity or heat. (16.4) Conjugate acid the species formed when a proton is added to a base. (7.1)... 

States of Matter— Liquids and Solids Solutions Reaction Types Stoichiometry Equilibrium Acids and Bases... 

Since x is a fraction and its logarithm is negative, Eq. (11.14) shows that the chemical potential of any gas in a mixture is always less than the chemical potential of the pure gas under the same total pressure. If a pure gas under a pressure p is placed in contact with a mixture under the same total pressure, the pure gas will spontaneously flow into the mixture. This is the thermodynamic interpretation of the fact that gases, and for that matter liquids and solids as well, diffuse into one another. 

Soil is a natural body constituted by solids (minerals and organic matter), liquid and gases, where the soil-forming forces have acted so as to organize it into horizons and to make it able to support the life of rooted plants (Soil Survey Staff, 1999). The soil-forming forces responsible for soil genesis were defined by Jenny (1941), who reported them in the form of the mathematical equation ... 

A gas is a physical state of matter generally characterized by low density and viscosity and the abilities to greatly expand and contract with changes in temperature and pressure, mix completely with other gases, and occupy any container uniformly. These features are particularly striking when contrasted to the other states of matter, liquid and solid. See Terminology, Liquid, p.241. Terminology, Solid, p.247. 

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