Matrix assisted laser desorption and ionization MALDI

In 1988-1989, two processes were discovered that allowed the transfer of large molecules into the gas phase matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (Karas and Hillenkamp, 1988 Fenn et al., 1989). 

Matrix assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) technique has developed in... 

Matrix assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) technique has developed in 1987.269 270 Since then, it has proven to be one of the most successful ionization methods for the mass spectrometric investigation of large molecules, increasing the... 

It is even possible to kick out , like soccer balls, the neutral giant molybdenum oxide spheres, for example the Mo72Fe3o ones, into the gas phase using all matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) methods. It is important that the clusters range from dimers to pentamers (see Figure 14.13) [17]. 

Mass spectrometry currently has assumed a central role in protein sequencing. This development has been possible with the introduction of two highly sensitive ionization techniques electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) and the advent of improved instrumentation capable of high-mass and high-sensitivity detection. Currently, biopolymers with a molecular mass over 100,000 Da are analyzed routinely. In the past, fast atom bombardment (FAB) [6,7] and Cf plasma desorption (PD) ionization [8] also played a limited role in protein sequencing. Mass spectrometry now has assumed... 

Schiller, J. Suss, R. Amhold, J. Fuchs, B. Lessig, J. Muller, M. Petkovic, M. Spalteholz, H. Zschomig, O. Arnold, K. Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in lipid and phospholipid research. Prog. Lipid Res. 2004, 43, 449-488. 

MALDI-TOF — Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionization Time-of-FIight... 

Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry was developed at the end of the 80s of the last century independent by Japanese and German scientists and is nowadays primarily used in protein and peptide research, but also for the analysis of carbohydrates and DNA. A detailed survey of the different applications of MALDI-TOF MS is provided in the excellent... 

Benard, S., Arnhold, J., Lehnert, M., Schiller, J. and Arnold, K., Experiments towards quantification of saturated and polyunsaturated diacylglycerols by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOE MS), Chem Phys Lipids, 100 (1999) 115-125. 

Figure 9.2 The basic components of a mass spectrometer. All mass spectrometers consist of an ion source linked to a mass analyser then to a detector. The important ion sources and mass analysers for biological mass spectrometry are listed. There are many other potential ion sources and mass analysers used generally in mass spectrometry, but only the indicated are of use in the analysis of biological macromolecules and amphiphilic lipids, and also in proteomics FAB fast atom bombardment MALDI matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization ESI electrospray ionization ToF time of flight FTICR fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS/MS tandem mass spectrometry.

MALDI (matrix assisted laser desorption and ionization) combined with size-exclusion chromatography is increasingly being used to study the microstructure of polymers [542-544], MALDI allows the desorption and ionization of macromolecules with molecular mass up to hundreds of kilodaltons with little or no fragmentation. The MALDI mass spectra provides structural information for identification of the polymer repeat units or copolymer sequence, end group mass and mechanism of polymerization for polymers with a narrow polydispersity (< 1.25). For samples of high polydispersity MALDI fails to provide reliable information. The separation of polydisperse samples by size-exclusion chromatography provides fractions suitable for characterization by MALDI. MALDI can also be used for mass calibration of size-exclusion columns. 

MALDI-TOF MS matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy. ... 

Gessler, F., Schaumann, R., Bohnel, H., Kostrzewa, M., and Kruger, M. (2008) Challenging the problem of clostridial identification with matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Anaerobe, 14, 242-249. 

Fuchs, B., SUB, R., Nknptsch, A., and Schiller, J. 2009. Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization tkne-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) directly combined with thin-layer chromatography (TLC)—A review of the current state,... 

Eibisch, M., Fuchs, B., Schiller, J., Su6, R., and Teuber, K. 2011. Analysis of phospholipid mixtures from biological tissues by matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flightmass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) A laboratory experiment, J. Chem. Educ., 88 503-507. 

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