Materials GRINs

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Figure 1. Experimental setup of the closed extrusion process for preparing GRIN polymer fibers. A and B, material supply tanks C and D, gear pumps E, a concentric die F, an enclosed zone G, (a) without core-shell separation die, (b) with core-shell separation die H, a hardening zone I, rolls.

IFF has been studied both experimentally and mathematically in three categories of no-dopant IFF, dopant-IFP, and inhibitor-IFP. The two main emphases of IFP studies are to produce better GRINs and to produce a predictive tool (i.e., a mathematical model) to determine the ideal conditions to use to produce a desired material [11, 6, 30-32]. Experimental and mathematical work have been conducted from two aspects of the problem (i) product-driven to produce better optical products and (ii) studies to better understand the underlying kinetics as well as the effects that the change in parameters (i.e., initiator concentration, cure temperature, seed composition, amount of small or large molecular weight inhibitor, and dopant type and concentration) have. 

Improvement of optical characteristics polymeric GRIN materials due to upgrade of the manufacturing methods used for their production ... 

In the design of GRIN-elements to obtain a desirable flexible index is the most desirable property and this involves successful selection of initial monomers or polymers their transformation to a material with the desirable distribution of the refractive gradient and achieving this in real optical elements [12, 17]. 

For all the work carried out on polymeric GRIN materials via interfacial gel polymerization in the 1980s and 1990s, little work was performed on the actual hont propagation process. Golubev et al proposed a mechanism in 1992. Gromov and Frisch proposed a mathematical model that was flawed. Ivanov et al. did work with IFF in 1997 and 2002. °... 

The following principles should be noted for development of polymeric GRIN-optics there is a need for improvement of optical characteristics of polymeric materials by modernization of preparation methods and selection of the most valuable components of the gradient composition development of new methods for preparation of polymeric GRIN-elements for special devices and application of other materials that so far have proved recalcitrant. This requires close cooperation of speeialists in ealeulations of optical systems and polymer chemists developing processes of creation and methods for control of the properties of GRIN-elements [7]. 

Great depth of -radiation penetration and continuous structural changes in the polymer thickness accompanied by GRIN-forming influence allow us to create RID profiles of any shape in optical polymeric materials by distributing the intensity or y-radiation exposure on the surface, independent of the size and shape of the material. 

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