Material handling baling

Materials handling (discharge, conveying, baling) Waste handling/deposition ... 

Compaction, also called baling, is a relatively simple process that does not cause any change in the physical or chemical properties of the product. It is essentially a densification process to reduce the volume of the separated products or the waste material for disposal. The advantages of baling are easy handling of the product (bale), lower transport cost, volume reduction, and lower space requirements in disposal sites. Baled material does not sustain incineration. Also, it does not favor methane generation when it is landhlled. 

Bales weighing 600-800 lb, collected by commercial haulers, film-generating business, or the solid-wastes-handling industry, are first fed into a breaker-shredder. The shredded material then passes over a vibratory conveyor or through metal-detection systems to remove ferrous and nonferrous contaminants. Film is next sent to a sedimentation tank for removal of rocks or dirt before going into the granulator... 

Containment materials — In order to prevent the spread of large amounts of Uquid chemicals, a supply of diking materials needs to be maintained. Ready access to a supply of bales of straw is a great asset. Straw is cheap, easily handled, and easy to clean up afterward. In the event of a spill reaching a stream, floating booms and skimmers are useful in containing and cleaning up the spill. Booms are not effective for materials more dense than water and not water soluble. 

In order to confine the chemical spill, the spill area should be encircled with a dike of sand or other sorbent material. If the spill involves a small watercourse, a dam of activated carbon or other sorbent can be used to filter the water. For larger waterways, a log boom or baled straw may be used to contain the spill. If possible, the flow of clean water should be diverted around the spill. Sorbent materials are usually used to cover liquid spills. On most major chemical sites, there is usually sufficient containment volume to contain all chemical spills and handle contaminated water runoff from firefighting/sprinkler systems. 

The assumption is that, with baling, the material is taken from the point of collection, unloaded and baled, and then put back into a trailer for shipment. Without baling, the trailer is picked up from the retailer location and shipped directly to the point of end use. In both cases the loose carpet is handled once. With these representative numbers, the distance, D, that the carpet has to be moved to make baling economical is approximately 800 miles. It is easy to do a sensitivity... 

It is immediately apparent that the the ID capacity significantly exceeds the vertical baling capacity. To balance the capacity, multiple balers and handling lines must be established. Alternatively, it may well be that the market for the material that is identified is limited and therefore only a fraction needs to be baled and shipped to service that market. 

Recovered paper is supplied to the mill in (individual) bales or as loose material. Often a miU has to handle both types. Automatic dewiring of recovered paper bales is more demanding than that of virgin pulp bales since these bales may vary in... 

Powdered rubber based on E-SBR/carbon black compoimded in an internal mixer process is examined with respect to the advantages it affords in terms of enviromnental, handling and efficiency over conventional bale technology. This paper is the first part of a series of publications which discusses the individual rabber/filler systems in detail, and focuses on the system of carbon black-filled emulsion styrene butadiene rubber. It covers the selection of the raw materials, manufacture of products and their characterisation. 18 refs. 

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