Map of culverted streams and watersheds in Cleveland

The benefits of urban agriculture are particularly relevant to inner city economic conditions. Food insecurity and poor access to healthy food are widespread in urban areas  

Low income consumers have less food shopping choices than middle-income consumers... they have fewer retail options, limited transportation options, and often face higher prices at chain supermarkets. Thus ironically, people on hmited incomes in cities are Kkely to pay more for their food than wealthier shoppers in higher income neighborhoods. The range, freshness, and quahty of foods are also often compromised in inner-city groceries, thus further limiting customers maximal choices for nutritious and affordable meals. (Brown, 2002 7) 

Bringing agriculture to commercial scale in a shrinking industrial city is fraught with difficulties. Obstacles that have been identified include the lack of farming skills, lack of funds for start-up costs, the fragmentation of land ownership and 

The obstacles to decommissioning infrastructure networks can be equally if not more daunting. Leaving aside political obstacles, significant costs are associated 

While modest savings may be gained by removing streets and street lighting in completely depopulated areas, to do so on blocks which contain even one or two occupied houses is likely to be politically risky, if not literally untenable. 

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Fig. 103.13 Map of culverted streams and watersheds in Cleveland. (Courtesy of Cleveland Urban Design Collaborative)...

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