Manganese exposure

Repeated subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection of manganese dichloride caused increased incidences of lymphosarcomas in mice. Chronic oral exposure of rats to manganese sulfate led to a slight increase in pancreatic tumors that was not dose responsive." There is no information relating manganese exposure to cancer occurrence in humans." Genotoxic assays have yielded mixed results."... 

Wennberg A, Iregren A, Struwe G et al Manganese exposure in steel smelters a health hazard to the nervous system. Scand J Work Environ Health 17 255-262, 1991... 

Wasserman GA, Liu X, Parvez F, Ahsan H, Levy D, Factor-Litvak P, Kline J, van Geen A, Slavkovich V, Lolacono NJ, Cheng Z, Zheng Y, Graziano JH (2006) Water manganese exposure and children s intellectual function in Araihazar, Bangladesh. Environ Health Perspect, 114(1) 124-129. 

Lucchini R, Albini E, Placidi D, Gasparotti R, Pigozzi MG, Montani G, Alessio L. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and manganese exposure. Neurotoxicology 2000 2I(5) 769-75. 

Kim Y, Kim JW, Ito K, Lim HS, Cheong HK, Kim JY, Shin YC, Kim KS, Moon Y. Idiopathic parkinsonism with superimposed manganese exposure utility of positron emission tomography. Neurotoxicology 1999 20(2-3) 249-52. 

Abe Y, Kachi T, Kato T, Ito K, Yanagisawa N, Sobue G. [Diagnostic utility of positron emission tomography for parkinsonism after chronic manganese exposure.] Rinsho Shinkeigaku 1999 39(7) 693-9. 

The possible hnk between hypermanganesemia and cholestasis has been investigated in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (68). The authors concluded that cholestatic liver disease does not contribute to increased blood manganese concentrations in such patients, and that plasma concentrations reflect recent manganese exposure and impaired excretion when cholestasis is present. They also emphasized that serum concentrations are a poor marker and that erythrocyte manganese concentrations should be used instead. 

Other sources of manganese exposure, such as ferromanganese processing and ore-crushing plants, expose workers to much lower levels of inhaled manganese. Even in these workers, who give no indication of clinical deficits when examined by... 

Jiang Y, Zheng W. Cardiovascular toxicities upon manganese exposure. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2005 5(4) 345—54. 

TABLE 9-1. Occupational settings at risk for manganese exposure... 

Cawte J Psychiatric sequelae of manganese exposure in the adult, foetal and neonatal nervous systems. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 19 211-217, 1985... 

The negative adverse effects of exposure to excess levels of manganese have been observed in all ages. Several studies in humans and animals indicate that the elderly may be a potentially susceptible population to the adverse effects of manganese exposure. Further, studies show that the young may also be a susceptible population. Effects of exposure to high levels of manganese in children are discussed in section 1.6. 

Chapter 2 has more information on the health effects of manganese exposure in humans and animals. 

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