Manganese, Black Oxide Peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide, Iron(II) sulfate, 2-Methylpyridine, Sulfuric acid, 4477 Lead(IV) oxide, Carbon black, Chlorinated paraffin, Manganese(TV) oxide,... 

After filtration, addition of sodium sulphide to the clear solution effects the precipitation of the three metals, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, as sulphides. Digestion with the calculated quantity of ferric chloride oxidises the manganese sulphide to sulphate, which passes into solution. The residue consists of cobalt and nickel sulphides, which are washed and converted into their soluble sulphates by roasting. The sulphates are extracted with water, and converted into chlorides by addition of calcium chloride solution. Their separation is effected g.s follows The requisite fraction of the chloride solution is precipitated with milk of lime, and the insoluble hydroxides of nickel and cobalt thus obtained are oxidised to the black hydroxides by treatment with chlorine. The. washed precipitate is then introduced into the remainder of the chloride solution, and the whole is well stirred and heated, when the black hydrated oxide of nickel passes, into solution, displacing tlm Remainder of. the cobalt from the solution, into. the precipitate.. The final product is thus a suspension of hydrated peroxide.of cobalt,in p. solution of nickel chloride, from which idle cobalt precipitate is removed by filtration, washed, and ignited, to the black oxide. 

Some substances that look quite similar can have very different effects on the same reaction. For example. Figure 5.3.9 shows that powdered black manganese(IV) oxide speeds up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide solution, whereas black copper(II) oxide powder is not so effective ... 

WTien this oxide, or the peroxide of cobalt, are heated in the air, they both yield a black oxide, which corresponds to the red oxide of manganese, its formula being Co, 0 = CoO - - C,0. The green hydrate, formed when hydrate of the protoxide is exposed to the air, is a hydrate of this oxide. 

Synonyms manganese dioxide manganese peroxide black manganese oxide... 

This may be identified (a) by its odour (cautiously smell the vapour after removing the test-tube or small beaker from the flame) (b) by the formation of white fumes of ammonium chloride when a glass rod moistened with concentrated hydrochloric acid is held in the vapour (c) by its turning moistened red litmus paper blue or turmeric paper brown (d) by its ability to turn filter paper moistened with mercury(I) nitrate solution black (this is a very trustworthy test ) and (e) filter paper moistened with a solution of manganese(II) chloride and hydrogen peroxide gives a brown colour, due to the oxidation of manganese by the alkaline solution thus formed. 

The goods are treated with manganese chloride, and then passed through an alkaline bath whereby manganous oxide is precipitated on the fibre. A subsequent oxidation by air or by a bath of chloride of lime serves to convert this into peroxide, a bottom of the so-called manganese-bronze being obtained. On passing into an acid solution of aniline, aniline black is precipitated on the fibre in a firmly adherent condition. 

Additives used in final products Fillers calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, carbon black, polymeric beads, polystyrene particles, zinc oxide Plasticizers 1-isobutyrate benzyl phthalate, 2,2,4-tri-methyl-1,3-pentanediol, alkyl sulfonic acid esters of phenol and/or cresol, benzyl butyl phthalate, chlorinated paraffins, hydrogenated perphenyl, isooctyl benzyl phthalate Curatives metal peroxides, oxy salts (e.g., dioxides of lead, manganese, calcium, etc.) ... 

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