Malaria staining

Aspirates of bone marrow or spleen may be useful in the diagnosis of infections such as leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, and occasionally malaria. In such instances, Giemsa stains of alcohol-fixed bone marrow films are most useful. Splenic aspiration is rajrely performed in the United States because it is dangerous. 

Blood Malaria and babesiasis Send unstained and, if available, Giemsa-stained thick and thin films. Fix thin film... 

In microorganisms, visualization of the lysosomal system of different species of malaria parasites, (19), the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system of Tritrichomonas foetus (20) and the Golgi complex and primary lysosomes of Pneumocystis carinii (30) has been attempted using ZIO staining. 

Effective treatment of malaria depends on early diagnosis. Since the patient s symptoms are often relatively nonspecific, it is crucial to examine stained blood smears for the presence of the parasite. Even this procedure may be inconclusive during the early stages of the infection, since the levels of parasitemia can be quite low. Thus, it is important to repeat the blood smear examination several times if malaria is suspected. 

A benzoselenazole derivative is used as a DNA marker dye in a method for the diagnosis of malaria by stained chromatin and fluorescence (Figure 6). The molecule consists of two parts, the purine portion which is mainly involved in complexation with the DNA and the benzoselenazole part which provides not only the anchoring to the phosphate of the DNA, but also extends the jt-electron system which characterizes the molecule in term of electronic properties <1997T12595, 1997T12605>. 

Decherf, G., Egee, S., Staines, H. M., Ellory, J. C., and Thomas, S. L. (2004). Anionic channels in malaria-infected human red blood cells. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 32, 366-371. 

Staines, H. M., and Kirk, K. (1998). Increased choline transport in erythrocytes from mice infected with the malaria parasite Plasmodium vinckei vinckei. Biochem.. 334(Pt 3),... 

Staines, H. M., Ashmore, S., Felgate, H., Moore, J., Powell, T., and Ellory, J. C. (2006). Solute transport via the new permeability pathways in Plasmodium falciparum-infected human red blood cells is not consistent with a simple single-channel model. Blood 108,3187-3194. Staines, H. M., Ellory, J. C., and Kirk, K. (2001). Perturbation of the pump-leak balance for Na(+) and K(+) in malaria-infected erythrocytes. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 280, C1576-C1587. 

Sporozoite of a piasmodium (a), ring-forms and gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum in human blood (b), and a micrograph of a placenta from a stillbirth due to maternal malaria. (Haematoxylin and eosin stain) (c). Red blood cells are anuclear blue/black staining In bright red structures (red blood cells) Indicate foreign nuclei from the parasites. 

Administration of 2 -deoxycoformycin (Warner-Lambert Pharmaceuticals) to malaria infected rhesus monkeys was by a single 250 ug/ kg (i.v.) dose. Evaluation of the drugs effect on parasitemia and parasite morphology was by microscopic examination of Giemsa stained thin blood smears. 

Sakata, X Matsumoto, H. A staining reagent and method for detecting malaria infected cells using Auramine analog and condensed benzene derivative. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 613003, 1994 Chem. Abstr. 1994,121, 225851. 

Staining Applications Bacteria fungi ° blood pro-ducts cells nucleic acids proteins viruses nuclei plant virus inclusions tissues hairs " keratin fibers malaria-infected cells ... 

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