Malaria eradication programm

Once it had been recognized that DDT killed the mosquitoes which spread malaria, a worldwide malaria eradication programme was quickly put into... 

In Section 6.4, the discovery of the principal insecticides was outlined, and an indication given of the stern control under which the chlorinated insecticides have come in some of the most highly developed countries where they have been applied too liberally. The World Health Organization, on the other hand, found DDT safe in its malaria-eradication programme, when used in the recommended concentrations (WHO, 1971, 1973a). In a sober and well-documented review of the toxicity of pesticides, Hayes (1967) concluded that 20 years of experience with DDT has provided no evidence that it injured people who were much more heavily exposed to it than are the general population. In 1956, Hayes, Durham, and Cueto,... 

Paraguay after apparently successful eradication programmes illustrate the dangers of complacency, and the disease still claims a million lives each year as well as debilitating over a hundred times that number. Malaria remains a formidable global problem. 

In contrast, in the less affluent countries of Latin America, Asia and Africa, the measles virus alone claims the lives of many millions of persons each year. This should be contrasted with the two million deaths each year from malaria. The number of virus-related deaths in the developing world would be even larger but for the eradication of smallpox and the gradual introduction of immunisation programmes for the common childhood diseases like measles, whooping cough and polio. 

As shown here in case ofOrosei in Sardinia, the dated sign next to the entrance marked homes, where the interior had been sprayed with DDT. Under a trial programme to eradicate malaria, sponsored by the Rockefeller Foundation, the number of infections in Sardinia could be dramatically reduced from 75,000 in 1946 to just 9 cases in 1951.[447]... 

Turning to the worldwide situation, herbicides are again the single most important group of pesticides. However the sales value of insecticides is not far behind and reflects the severe problems which insects cause in climates warmer than our own temperate one. Not only is there interference with growing crops (e.g. by locusts) but in tropical countries insects are responsible for the transmission of several virulent diseases. Malaria is perhaps the best known of these, and programmes for its eradication have represented a major outlet for insecticides. 

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