Malabsorption syndromes celiac disease

Normally there is very little fat in the feces. However, fat content in stools may increase because of various fat malabsorption syndromes. Such increased fat excretion is steatorrhea. Decreased fat absorption may be the result of failure to emulsify food contents because of a deficiency in bile salts, as in liver disease or bile duct obstruction (stone or tumor). Pancreatic insufficiency may result in an inadequate pancreatic lipase supply. Finally, absorption itself may be faulty because of damage to intestinal mucosal cells through allergy or infection. An example of allergy-based malabsorption is celiac disease, which is usually associated with gluten intolerance. Gluten is a wheat protein. An example of intestinal infection is tropical sprue, which is often curable with tetracycline. Various vitamin deficiencies may accompany fat malabsorption syndromes. 

Celiac disease is the result of the development of inflammatory-allergic condition due to gluten intolerance. The disease occurs both in adults and in children in a number of countries all over the world. Its occurrence is fairly frequent, it is estimated that approximately 1% of the population suffers from it. Patients manifest not only gastrointestinal symptoms, but also symptoms which are the consequence of malabsorption syndrome, such as osteoporosis, hypochromic anemia, hypoproteinaemia, hypocalcemia, short stature in children, vitamin deficiency, secondary polysensibilization, and emotional disturbances. Moreover, it has been observed that the occurrence of autoimmunological diseases and neoplasms in patients who are not treated with gluten-free diet doubles (Swinson et al., 1983 Ventura et al., 1999). 

Magnesium deftctency, 784, 798, 00-801 Magnesium sulfate, 801-302 Malabsorption syndromes 151 celiac disease, 118,152 Crohn s disease, 152 f Fuctoee, 212... 

Malabsorption Syndromes. Patients at risk include those with celiac disease, tropical sprue, cystic fibrosis, and short bowel syndrome. Excessive intake of oral zinc supplements can cause anemia and hematological abnormalities in the absence of occult blood loss. The copper deficiency is caused by zinc induction of metallothionein in the mtesti-nal mucosa, which then sequesters dietary copper, blocking its absorption. 

Malabsorption syndromes (e.g., tropical sprue, celiac disease, radiation enteritis or intestinal lymphectasia)... 

Short stature also occurs with several conditions that are not associated with a trne GH deficiency or insnfficiency. These conditions inclnde intranterine growth restriction constitntional growth delay malnutrition malabsorption of nntrients associated with inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and cystic fibrosis chronic renal failure skeletal and cartilage dysplasia and genetic syndromes... 

Carbohydrate Malabsorption 318 The Dumping Syndrome 318 Steatorrhea Idiopathic Steatorrhea Celiac Disease or Nontropical Sprue... 

Also see CELIAC DISEASE MALABSORPTION SYNDROMES and SPRUE.)... 

Noninfectious causes of acute diarrhea include drugs and toxins (Table 18-3), laxative abuse, food intolerance, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic bowel disease, lactase deficiency, Whipple s disease, pernicious anemia, diabetes mellitus, malabsorption, fecal impaction, diverticulosis, and celiac sprue. 

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