Magnetization, bending

The pole of a magnet bends the cathode rays in a direction at a right angle to the direction of the field. ... 

The influence of a induced field on a metallic (magnetic) structure is in the form of closed magnetic loops, which cause hysteresis and eddy current losses. These closed loops cannot be broken by insulating magnetic structures at bends or joints or any other locations. (Refer to Figure 28.32 for more clarity.) There is thus no treatment that can be applied to such structures or bodies in the vicinity of an IPB to protect them from the magnetic effects of the field if present in the space. 

The product has the following spectral properties infrared (KBr) cm.-1 3103 and 3006 (aromatic C—H), 2955, 2925, and 2830 (aliphatic C—H stretching), 1257 and 1032 (aromatic methyl ether), 841 and 812 (C—H out-of-plane bending of isoxazole C4—H and 4-substituted phenyl) proton magnetic resonance (trifluoroaeetic acid) 5, multiplicity, number of protons, assignment 3.98 (singlet,... 

The discovery of the electron prompted a series of more sophisticated experiments. J. J. Thomson experimented with a device called a cathode-ray tube, illustrated in Figure 2-13. A cathode ray is a beam of electrons. Because an electron beam is a collection of moving electrical charges, electrical and magnetic forces affect the beam. Application of either type of force at right angles to the direction of electron motion causes the beam to bend. The... 

We can control the extent by which the -)-z-magnetization is bent by choosing the duration for which the pulse is applied. Thus the term 90° pulse actually refers to the time period for which the pulse has to be applied to bend the magnetization by 90°. If it takes, say, t fis to bend a pulse by 90°, it would require half that time to bend the magnetization by 45°, i.e., t/2 fis. A 180° pulse, on the other hand, will require double that time, i.e., 2t fjts and cause the z-magnetization to become inverted so that it comes... 

Figure 1.17 A crosvsectional view of the /z-plane (longitudinal plane) after application of pulse Bi along the c -axis (perpendicular to this plane). The pulse B, applied along the -axis causes the equilibrium magnetization Mo to bend by an angle 0. The magnitude of the component M, along the y -axis is Mo sin 6.

Figure 1.19 Applying a 90°, pulse will bend the magnetization vector lying along the —y -axis to the —z-axis, while continued application of the pulse along the x -axis will cause the magnetization to rotate in y zrplane.

Figure 1.41 Applying the first incorrectly adjusted 90° pulse (actually, 85° pulse) bends the z-magentization vector 5° above the y -axis. The 180 pulse at this stage will bring the magnetization vector 5° below the y -axis (to the mirror image position). Applying another similarly maladjusted 90° pulse causes a further bending of the magnetization vector precisely to the — z-axis. The composite pulse sequence (i.e., 90°-180°-90°) is thus employed to remove imperfections in the 90° pulse.

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