4’- magnetic orientations

Magnetic Orientation and Organization of SWNTs or their Composite Materials Using Polymer Wrapping... 

We examined the magnetic orientation or organization of the SWNTs or the polymer-wrapped SWNTs using MEHPPV by measurements of AFM images and polarized absorption spectra [46-48]. 

On the basis of comparison of the AFM images between the SWNT/MEHPPV composites and the SWNT in the absence and presence of NaHC03, the magnetic orientation of SWNT/MEHPPV composites can most likely be ascribed to the anisotropy in susceptibilities of the SWNTs. 

The above results of polarized absorption spectra on glass plates support the magnetic orientation ofthe SWNT/MEHPPV composites and the shortened SWNTs in the absence and presence of NaHC03, where the composites or the SWNTs were oriented with the tube axis of the composites or the SWNTs parallel to the magnetic field (8T), suggested by the results ofthe AFM images (Figure 15.1). 

On the basis of these observations, an interesting formation of nanostructures consisting of SWNTs was probably achieved by magnetic force, magnetic orientation, interaction of induced magnetic moment of SWNTs due to strong magnetic fields, and self-assembly of SWNTs due to hydrophobic interaction in aqueous solution and so on [46, 48]. 

On the basis of the observations, the enhancements of the p-values for the Q-Zni x MrLxS monolayer films can most likely be ascribed to the interaction between Mn ion as a magnetic ion and the external magnetic field. The enhancements are probably caused by magnetic orientation of the Q-Zni-xiMn S on the quartz substrates. 

Fujiwara, M., Fukui, M. and Tanimoto, Y. (1999) Magnetic orientation of benzophenone crystals in fields up to 80.0 kOe./. Phys. Chem. B, 102,2627-2630. Fujiwara, M., Tokunaga, R. and Tanimoto, Y. (1998) Crystal growth of potassium nitrate in a magnetic field of 80kOe./. Phys. Chem. B, 102, 5996-5998. 

Kimira, T, Yamato, M., Koshimizu, W., Koike, M. and Kawai, T. (2000) Magnetic orientation of polymer fibers in suspension. Langmuir, 16, 858-861. 

Yonemura, H., Yamamoto, Y, Yamada, S., Fujiwara, Y. and Tanimoto, Y. (2008) Magnetic orientation of single-walled carbon nanotubes or their composites using polymer wrapping. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater., 9 (024213), 1-6. 

Fig. 5 Membrane models for NMR structure analysis, (a) An isotropic detergent micelle (left) is compared to the dimensions of lipid bilayers (right), (b) Macroscopically oriented membrane samples can be prepared on solid support, as nanodiscs, or as magnetically oriented bicelles. (c) Nomenclature and variability of liposomes small (SUV, 20-40 nm), intermediate (IUV, 40-60 nm), large (LUV, 100-400 nm), and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUV, 1 pm) multi-lamellar (MLV), oligo-lamellar (OLV) and highly heterogeneous multi-oligo-lamellar vesicles (MOLV)...

Sanders CR, Hare B J, Howard KP, Prestegard JH (1994) Magnetically-oriented phospholipid micelles as a tool for the study of membrane-associated molecules. Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectrosc 26 421 144... 

Fig. 2.18. (a) The even (upper panel) and odd (lower panel) SH responses of a 20 nm Gd(0001) film at 90 K using 815nm/35fs laser pulses. Transient reflectivity change is also displayed in the upper panel (solid black curve). The inset shows the experimental scheme with the magnetization oriented perpendicular to the plane of incidence, (b) The oscillatory part of the even and odd SH fields extracted from (a). The inset shows the corresponding FT spectra. From [59]... 

Z Ali-Adib, K Davidson, H Nooshin, and RH Tredgold, Magnetic orientation of phthalocyani-nato-polysiloxanes, Thin Solid Films, 201 187-195, 1991. 

Fig. 11 Magnetoresistance curves of an LSMO/20 nm TPP/5 nm Co Junction measured at 80 K. The arrows indicate the relative magnetization orientation of LSMO (bottom arrow) and Co (top arrow) electrodes. Taken from [50] with permission...

The orientation and dynamics of dodecyl D-glucopyranoside in phospholipid bilayers were studied by NMR in oriented samples [153,154]. The fully Relabeled glycolipid was embedded in a magnetically orientable membrane system (DMPC-CHAPSO) and examined by NMR. The analysis of the set of data allowed to determine the average orientation of o-glucose with respect to the bUayer the ring is extended from the plane of the bilayer with vector C-2/C-6 approximately... 

Not only do the thermodynamic properties follow similar power laws near the critical temperatures, but the exponents measured for a given property, such as heat capacity or the order parameter, are found to be the same within experimental error in a wide variety of substances. This can be seen in Table 13.3. It has been shown that the same set of exponents (a, (3, 7, v, etc.) are obtained for phase transitions that have the same spatial (d) and order parameter (n) dimensionalities. For example, (order + disorder) transitions, magnetic transitions with a single axis about which the magnetization orients, and the (liquid + gas) critical point have d= 3 and n — 1, and all have the same values for the critical exponents. Superconductors and the superfluid transition in 4He have d= 3 and n = 2, and they show different values for the set of exponents. Phase transitions are said to belong to different universality classes when their critical exponents belong to different sets. 

Freyssinet, J. M., Torbet.J., Hudry-Clergeon, G., and Maret, G. (1983). Fibrinogen and fibrin structure and fibrin formation measured by using magnetic orientation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 1616-1620. 

In summary we showed experimental results and theoretical calculations on magnetization orientation dependence of superconductor critical temperature in F/S/F all-metallic structures. This effect is based on the emergence of a small admixture of spin-triplet superconductivity in the hybrid... 

It determines the magnetic orientation of an orbital, i. e. the direction of the orbital relative to magnetic field in which it is placed. 

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