Macrophages cholesterol

Klucken, J., et al. ABCG1 (ABC8), the human homolog of the Drosophila white gene, is a regulator of macrophage cholesterol and phospholipid transport. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. 

From the studies of atherosclerosis, we know that oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are of major importance because they stimulate oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) induced macrophage cholesterol accumulation... 

Tam SP, Flexman A, Hulme J, Kisilevsky R. Promoting export of macrophage cholesterol The physiological role of a major acute-phase protein, serum amyloid. A J Lipid Res 2002 43 1410-1420. 

Vainio S, Ikonen E. Macrophage cholesterol transport A critical player in foam cell formation. Ann Med 2003 35 146-155. 

Macrophage cholesterol accumulation and foam cell formation are the hallmark of early atherogenesis. Cholesterol accumulation in macrophages can result from impaired balance between external and internal cholesterol sources. LDL, which... 

We conclude that pomegranate by-products contain potent polyphenols, which are able to reduce oxidative stress and attenuate macrophage cholesterol accumulation by inhibiting Ox-LDL uptake and stimulating HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux. 

Tall, A.R., Costet, P., Wang, N. 2002. Regulation and mechanisms of macrophage cholesterol... 

Rosenblat, M., Gaidukov, L., Khersonsky, O., Vaya, J., Oren, R., Tawfik, D.S., and Aviram, M. 2006, The catal3ftic histidine dyad of high density lipoprotein-associated serum paraoxonase-1 (PONl) is essential for PONl-mediated inhibition of low density hpoprotein oxidation and stimulation of macrophage cholesterol efflux, J. Biol. Chem., vol. 281, pp. 7657-7665. 

Aviram M, Domfeld L, Rosenblat M, et al. Pomegranate juice consumption reduces oxidative stress, atherogenic modifications to LDL, and platelet aggregation Studies in humans and in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Am Clin Nutr. 2000 71 1062—1076. Rosenblat M, Volkova N, Attias J, Mahamid R, Aviram M. Consumption of polyphenolic-rich beverages (mostly pomegranate and black currant juices) by healthy subjects for a short term increased serum antioxidant status, and the serum s ability to attenuate macrophage cholesterol accumulation. Food Fund. 2010 1 99-109. 

Oh, J., Weng, S., Felton, S. K., et al. 2009. l,25(OH)2 vitamin D inhibits foam cell formation and suppresses macrophage cholesterol uptake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation, 120 687-98. 

MC chymases also degrade Apo E and apo angiotensin II (All) and inhibit the apoprotein-mediated removal of macrophage cholesterol in Apo A1 knockout (KO) mice (43). Chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) regulate All production in distinct tissue compartments (44). 

In Apo E-deficient mice. All stimulates macrophage cholesterol biosynthesis through ATI receptor followed by induction of HMG CoA... 

In mouse peritoneal macrophages, All atherogenicity may be related, at least in part, to its inhibitory effect on macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated through ATI and not the ABCl transporter, thus leading to cellular cholesterol accumulation (260). 

Kaplan M, Aviram M, Knopf C, Keidar S. Angiotensin II reduces macrophage cholesterol efflux a role for the AT-1 receptor but not for the ABCl transporter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002 290 1529-1534. 

Rozenberg 0, Shih DM, Aviram M. Human serum paraoxonase 1 decreases macrophage cholesterol biosynthesis possible role for its phospholipase-A2-like activity and lysophosphatidylcholine formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2003 23 461- 67. 

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