Mach-Zehnder optical switch

Ebisawa, F., Hoshin, M., and, Sukegawa, K. Self-holding photochromic polymer mach-zehnder optical switch. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2919, 1994. 

F. Ebisawa, M. Floshino, and K. Sukegawa, Self-holding photochromic polymer Mach—Zehnder optical switch, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 65, no. 23, pp. 2919-2921, 1994. 

Agrawal. N, C. M. Weinert, H.4. Ehrke, G. G. Mekonnen, D. Franke, C. Bornholdt, and R. Langenhorst (1995) "Fast 2x2 Mach-Zehnder optical space switches using InGaAsP-InP multiquantum- well structures" IEEE Photonics technology letters, Vol. 7, No. 6, page no. 644-645, June 1995. 

Figure 7. A number of all-optical guided wave devices and their responses to increasing power. (a) Half beat length directional coupler. (b) One beat length directional coupler. (c) Distributed feedback grating relector. (d) Nonlinear Mach-Zehnder interferometer. (e) Nonlinear mode mixer. (f) Nonlinear X-switch. For nonlinear media (n2 0), the input power determines the output state.

Fig. 10.5 High frequency optical modulators and switches (a) construction of a rib wave guide with microwave strip line upper electrode, and plan views of (b) Mach-Zehnder, (c) birefringent, and (d) bi-directional coupler modulators. Reproduced with permission of Wiley-VCH from Dalton et al. (1995).

A simple device configuration for light modulation based on a second-order NLO phenomenon is the Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, which acts as an electrical to optical switch (Fig. 4.2). 

Mach-Zehnder interferometer aii optical switches A review... 

Tajima K, S. Nakamura and Y. Ueno (2001) "Ultrafast all-optical signal processing with Symmetric Mach-Zehnder type all-optical switches" Optical and Quantum Electronics, Volume 33, Numbers 7-10 / July, 2001. 

Wong H. Y., M. Sorel,A C. Biyce,J. H. Marsh, J. M. Arnold (2005) "Monohthically integrated InGaAs-AlGalnAs Mach-zehnder interferometer optical switch using quantum-well intermixing" I hhh Photonics Technology Letters, Vol. 17, No. 4, p>age no. 783-785, April 2005. 

Baek, Y., Schiek, R., and Stegeman, G. I., All-optical switching in a hybrid Mach-Zehnder interferometer as a result of cascaded second-order nonlinearity. Opt. Lett., 20, 2168-2170 (1995). 

Thackara, J. I., Chon, J. C., Bjorklund, G. C., Volksen, W., and Burland, D. M., Polymeric electro-optic Mach-Zehnder switches, Appl. Phys. Lett., 67,3S14-3S14 (1995),... 

The key parameter in optical switching is the intensity-dependent phase-shift (as might appear between the arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (38) or in a directional coupler (39), for example) given by... 

In this chapter we will shortly summarize the nonlinear optical properties of macromolecular systems and some of the main experimental techniques for their optical characterization. Some basic optoelectronic patterns will be reported in order to give a brief account of the advances in the realization of active waveguide systems and telecommunication devices based on organic materials. The main optoelectronic devices based on nonlinear optical properties of chromophores in polymeric and hybrid matrices will be illustrated. In particular Mach-Zehnder modulators, microring resonators, switches and wavelength filters will be reviewed. 

Also all-optical Mach-Zehnder waveguide interferometer devices working as switches have been presented in the last years [142]. In this case the change of the refractive index in the arms of the modulator is produced by the light inducing a local optical nonlinearity. Recently, Wu et al. [143] reported on an all optical switch by using the position shift of the spatial solitons controlled by phase modulation... 

Electro-optic switches based on Mach-Zehnder, microrings and resonant grating conflgurations have been extensively studied in the last years. 

Back, Y., Schiek, R., Stegeman, G., Krijnen, G., Baumann, I. and Sohler, W., All-optical integrated Mach-Zehnder switching due to cascaded nonlinearities, Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 2055-2057 (1996). 

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