MacDonald studies

Macdonald studied precision of the parameters determined by EIS. He added noise to the simulated impedance data and used the CNLS technique to determine the parameters and their standard deviation. Using this technique, it was possible to determine how the impedance errors are transferred to the determined parameters, depending on their relative values. This method allows sensitivity of the parameters to the random noise to be determined. 

Gross L P, Trump D D, MacDonald B G and Switzer G L 1983 10-Hz coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy apparatus for turbulent combustion studies Rev. Sc/. Instrum. 54 563-71... 

Most of the naturally-occurring pyrazine hydroxamic acids appear to be derived from valine, leucine and isoleucine, and biosynthetic studies by MacDonald and coworkers (61JBC(236)512, 62JBC(237)1977, 65JBC(240)1692) indicate that these amino acids are incorporated. However, it would seem that the logical intermediates, viz. the 2,5-dioxopiperazines such as (111) and (112), are not always incorporated. This does not rule out their intermediacy, as there may be problems such as low solubility or membrane permeability which prevent their efficient incorporation. An exception to these results was reported for pulcherrimic acid (113) (65BJ(96)533), which has been shown to be derived from cyclo-L-leu-L-leu which serves as an efficient precursor. 

MacDonald, H., and Tobin, J. O. H. (1978). Congenital cytomegalovitiis infection A collaborative study on epidemiological, clinical and laboratory findings. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 20, 271-282. 

MacDonald, W.R. and Hayes, K.E. (1970) Comparative study of the rapid adsorption of oxygen by silver and gold. Journal of Catalysis, 18, 115-118. 

There are surprisingly few microbeam studies of zircon-melt partitioning in natural systems and none in experimental systems. Recently Thomas et al. (2002) have derived zircon-melt partition coefficients from rehomogenised glass inclusions in zircons from an intrusive tonalite, while Hinton et al. (R. Hinton, S. Marshall and R. Macdonald, written comm.) have used an ion-microprobe to measure zircon-melt partition coefficients from a Kenyan peralkaline rhyolite, with an estimated eruption temperature of 700°C (Scaillet and Macdonald 2001). We have used the lanthanide partition coefficients from these two studies to derive best-fit values for and for the large Vlll-co-ordinated site. In total there are 13 individual sets of partition coefficients. All of these yield broadly consistent values of, in the range 0.968-1.018 A, but very variable, in the range 373-1575 GPa. Because Lu is comparable in size to cannot be well... 

Numerous studies on lavas from the Hawaiian Islands have shown that over the lifespan of a volcano, the major- and trace-element chemistry of the erupted basalts vary significantly and systematically (MacDonald and Katsura 1964 Chen and Frey 1985). This variation is believed to be the result of movement of the Pacific plate, over the... 

Calls for the study of farmers behavior and what motivates that behavior are not new (Gasson 1973). However, the number of studies that have considered farmers attitudes toward conservation (MacDonald 1984) is small. Fewer still have studied farmers conservation actions. Potter (1986) points out that a very limited number have tried to link farmers actions to their underlying motivations, notwithstanding the discourses on the conservation issues in the countryside (Beedell and Rehman 2000). Almost all studies related to the motivational elements of behavior have stressed that the decision to act in a certain way is affected by a balancing or weighing of a number of influences. Lemon and Park (1993) concluded that farmers, when... 

Irvine, S., Cawood, E., Richardson, D., MacDonald, E. and Aitken, J. (1996). Evidence of deteriorating semen quality in the United Kingdom birth cohort study in 577 men in Scotland over 11 years. British Medical Journal 312,467—471. 

The effect of the orientation of water dipoles on the electrode on the properties of the interphase was studied by Macdonald (6) and Mott and Watts-Tobin (7). Bockris et al. (8), in a modification of the Grahame model, considered adsorption of completely hydrated ions at the electrode with the water dipole layer present. 

Ramanathan RK, Picus J, Raftopoulos H, Bernard S, Lockhart AC, Frenette G Macdonald J, Mehn S, Berg D, Brescia F, Hochster H, Cohn A. (2008) A phase II study of milataxel A novel taxane analogue in previously treated patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 61 453-458. 

Otters, L. lutra, scent mark with feces, called spraints in Britain. One study noted 12 times more frequent marking in winter when food is scarce than in summer. Spraints perhaps advertise depletion of patchy, recurrent resources to other otters and space out the animals. This non-competitive resource partitioning does not require agonistic reinforcement (Kruuk, 1992). Carnivores in general may heavily mark stable resource patches (Macdonald, 1980). 

Kowalczuk A, Macdonald RL, Amidei C, et al. Quantitative imaging study of extent of surgical resection and prognosis of malignant astrocytomas. Neurosurgery 1997 41 1028-1036. 

MacDonald D. A Phase I study of Topotecan plus cranial radiation for glioblastoma multiforme a report of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) study 95-07. Proc Am Soc Thera Rad Oncol. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997 39 271. 

Moertel CG, Fleming TR, Macdonald JS, et al. Intergroup study of fluorouracil plus levamisole as adjuvant therapy for stage II/Dukes B2 colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 1995 13 2936-2943. 

Stead et al. (S23) and Johnson and Edwards (J3) showed that homogeneity can be achieved in as short a time as 0.1 sec., with sufficient agitation in a laboratory sized stirred tank. The relation between this time and the intensity of agitation was studied by MacDonald and Piret (Ml). Eldridge and Piret (E5) then used kinetic experiments to show that a series of up to five laboratory-sized stirred tanks with sufficient agitation acted as perfect backmix reactors. 

Some studies indicate that nitrite or related compounds have antioxidant activity even in systems that do not contain heme pigments. MacDonald et al. 

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