M41S systems

Bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) and cytokines (IL-2) are able to activate the contact system in vitro and in vivo (D9, H4, H7, M41). Immediately after severe trauma or after surgical intervention and particularly during sepsis, a reduction of plasma contact system proteins has been found (C10, K1, N9). Gel filtration studies of plasma demonstrated that plasma PK after activation becomes complexed with a2-M and Cl-Inh (W4). These complexes are rapidly eliminated from the circulation in vivo. In experimental studies in which pulmonary insufficiency was induced in dogs, a significant reduction of plasma kallikrein inhibitors was observed together with reduced HMK. Analysis of the relation be-... 

Since the first synthesis of mesoporous M41S alumosilicates in 1992 [1,2] numerous systems of mesoporous materials have been reported. The principle method of these syntheses consists of the utilisation of lyotropic liquid crystals as supramolecular templates, which act as structure directing agents in order to mesostructure inorganic building units. 

Abnormalities of the endocrine system are also seen (M41). Pregnancy is rare in women whose serum creatinine exceeds 3 mg% and often ends in spontaneous abortion. Amenorrhea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding are common in women on hemodialysis. Ovarian production of estrogen and progestrone is decreased, leading to an increase in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The secretion of FSH and LH increases after the administration of... 

Tanev et al. have reported the synthesis of mesoporous materials via a route which involves self-assembly between neutral primary amines and neutral inorganic framework precursors.12 The regularity of the pore structure in these materials has been illustrated by lattice images which show a honeycomb like structure. The system of channels of these molecular sieves produces solids with very high internal surface area and pore volume. This fact combined with the possibility of generating active sites within the channels produces a very unique type of acid catalyst. In the case of transition metal substituted M41S, the principal interest lies in their potential as oxidation catalysts, especially Ti and V substituted MCM and HMS type materials, and more recently synthesised large pore materials.13... 

In this chapter, we review our work on the direct modification of M41S-type materials. A detailed investigation on the influence of the addition of an organosilane was carried out in the synthesis system... 

The M41 Protection Assessment Test System (PATS) was fielded to validate the protection afforded by the M40, M42, and M17 series masks (Figure 16-4). The PATS is a miniature, continuous flow, condensation nuclei counter. It samples particles from ambient air and compares them with particles in the air contained inside the wearer s mask. The resulting numerical values are then used to determine the protection factor (PF) of the mask. The result of the pass/fail test is determined by the mask s ability to provide a PF of 1,667 or greater, which is the minimum army requirement. The PATS ensures that the mask is the proper size for the individual wearer, and that there are no critical leaks in the mask system due to missing or defective parts or improper maintenance. 

Fig. 16-4. The M41 Protection Assessment Test System (PATS). Ambient air is assessed through the green hose. Air inside the mask is assessed through the colorless hose, which couples with the protective mask by means of the drinking tube extension. For further information, see Department of the Army. Protection Assessment Test System (PATS). Washington, DC DA 14 January 1995. Training Circular 3 41.

Fig. 1. Mesostructures of M41S type a) hexagonal MCM-41, b) cubic MCM-48, c) lamellar, d) LMU-I (or KIT-1) with a disordered three-dimensional channel system.

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