Lysozyme, surface-mediated

A. Overview The innate immune system initiates the defense against pathogens and antigenic insult. It involves the concerted actions of complement components, lysozyme, macrophages, and neutrophils. If the innate response is inadequate, the adaptive immune response is mobilized. This culminates in the activation of T lymphocytes, the effectors of cell-mediated immunity and the production of antibodies, by activated B lymphocytes, the effectors of humoral immunity. The cell types involved in immune responses can be identified by specific cell surface components or clusters of differentiation (CDs). For example, T helper cells bear the CD4 protein complex, whereas cytotoxic T lymphocytes express the CDS protein complex. Clusters of differentiation also can be used to characterize other types of hematopoietic cells, including precursors of granulocytes, megakaryocytes, and erythrocytes (Chapter 33). 

In addition, it was also shown [44] that DTAB-mediated elutabihty was positively eorrelated with the thermal struetural stability of the above-mentioned types of lysozyme. In other words, the resistance to elutabihty eorrelates with 02/0 ratio, the nonremovable fractional surface eoverage divided by the removable fractional siuface coverage, which, in turn, correlates with the extent of surface-indueed unfolding (i.e., in our case). As far as the surface-induced unfolding on the hydrophihe surface is eoneemed, the least thermally stable mutant (i.e., BW) exhibited the highest value of f/gju, whereas the wild type exhibited the lowest value of Apparently, there is a switch in order between the wild type and the most stable form, which is DC. It was shown [19] that the speetral differenees between the wild type and I3C were relatively small. Nevertheless, the differenee in kinetie behavior between the wild type and I3C is small, compared with that of I3W. 

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