Waste lubricating oil

For petroleum crude oil and lubricating oils the range is from 250 to 1250 hhl/(ha year) with a value of 400 hhl/(ha year) being typical. A typical value for general refinery oils and wastes would he about 150 hhl/(ha year). 

There are many companies offering a collection service for the disposal of waste lubricating oil. The three main methods employed are ... 

This product is designed to break water-in-oil emulsions, especially for fuel oils, lubricating oils, or waste oils. This emulsion breaker lowers the surface tension of the oil and, because it is immiscible in water, it is not lost when the water is decanted from the oil. 

Typical refinery producfs include (1) nafural gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), (2) solvent naphtha, (3) kerosene, (4) diesel fuel, (5) jet fuel, (6) lubricating oil, (7) various fuel oils, (8) wax, (9) residua, and (10) asphalt (Chapter 3). A single refinery does nof necessarily produce all of fhese producfs. Some refineries are dedicated to particular products (e.g., the production of gasoline or the production of lubricating oil or the production of asphalt). However, the issue is that refineries also produce a variety of waste products (Table 4.1) that must be disposed of in an enviromnentally acceptable manner. 

Acid treatment of lubricating oils produces acid-bearing wastes occurring as rinse waters, sludges, and discharges from sampling, leaks, and shutdowns. The waste streams are also high in dissolved and suspended solids, sulfates, sulfonates, and stable oil emulsions. 

M. L. Whismann, J. W. Goetzinger, and F. O. Cotton, Waste Lubricating Oil Research, Bardesville Energy Research Center, Bardesville, Okla., 1974—1977. 

T. Kuokkanen, P. Peramaki, 1. Valimaki and H. Ronkkomaki, Determination of heavy metals in waste lubricating oils by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 81(2), 2001, 89-100. 

If long-fibre cellulose is to be used as a nitration material then noils from combing machines or waste from a spinning mill are usually used. Such wastes are usually contaminated with lubricating oils and before the chemical treatment they should be... 

Over the period of approximately 40 years as illustrated in Table 2.10, higher performance output was attained in engines by virtue of design criteria and the availability of enhanced lubricant additives and base fluid technologies (Copan and Richardson, 1992). These achievements have been accomplished with reduced quantities of lubricant required for maintenance and operation. Although the lubricant is a minor overall factor in vehicle operating costs, the investment in technology development has resulted in reduced oil waste and oil consumption, with substantially enhanced vehicle durability. 

Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is the most prevalent analytical technique for measuring low levels of barium and its compounds (i.e., barium carbonate, barium sulfate, and barium chloride) in air, water, waste water, geological materials (calcium carbonate), unused lubricating oil, and diagnostic meals containing barium sulfate (see Table 6-2). 

Onsite Use and Reuse In-process and other onsite recycling options may be made more feasible by the adoption of other source reduction practices, such as waste segregation to cut down contamination of materials (e.g., solvents, baghouse dusts, lubricating oils, or rinse waters). Reuse as raw material substitute for another process. 

---