Long neurites

Figure 4. Neurite outgrowth by LA-N-1 human neuroblastoma cells in culture. LA-N-1 human PNS neuroblastoma cells were grown for five days in N2 medium (as described by Bottenstein and Sato, 1979) on a polylysine and fibronectin-modified surface. The cells were plated in clumps, rather than as a single cell suspension, which enhances neurite extension. Very long processes result, and exhibit varicosities along their length. Most of the cells have migrated from the central clump. (Photo courtesy of Dr. jane Bottenstein.)...

The organization of MTs in neurons differs several ways from that seen in non-neuronal cells (Fig. 8-3) [9]. Axonal and dendritic MTs are not continuous back to the cell body nor are they associated with any visible MTOC. Axonal MTs can be more than 100 pm long, but they have uniform polarity, with all plus-ends distal to the cell body. Dendritic MTs are typically shorter and often exhibit mixed polarity, with only about 50% oriented plus-end distal. Recent work suggests that MTs in both axons and dendrites are nucleated normally at the MTOC, but they are then released from the MTOC and delivered to neurites [10],... 

Klerman GL, DiMascio A, Weissman MM, et al Treatment of depression by drugs and psychotherapy. Am J Psychiatry 131 186-191, 1984 Kleven MS, Seiden LS D-, L- and DL-fenfluramine cause long-lasting depletions of serotonin in rat brain. Brain Res 505 351-353, 1989 Kligman D, Marshak D Purification and characterization of a neurite extension factor from bovine brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82 7136-7139, 1985 Klimek V, Maj J Repeated administration of antidepressants enhances agonist affinity for mesolimbic D2 receptors. J Pharm Pharmacol 41 555-558, 1989 Klinkhamer P, Szelies B, Heiss WD Effect of phosphatidylserine on cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer s disease. Dementia 1 197-201, 1990... 

Fig. 9. Schematic model for laminin showing the 3-chain structure (A, Bl, and B2) and the projection of the three chains down the long arm of the molecule. The location of a pentapeptide (YIGSR) with cell attachment activity is indicated, as well as the region with neurite-promoting activity (Baron van Evercooren et al., 1982 Edgar et al., 1984).

The degenerative process of idiopathic PD (iPD) is associated with the anatomical progression of CEBl-synuclein into select neurons. It is an aggregate of the mis-folded protein and appears in dendrites and axons, Lewy neurites (LNs), as well as punctuate structures and/or Lewy bodies (LBs) in the somata of involved nerve cells. It is thought that only projection neurons with a long axon become involved, whereas short-axoned cells resist the pathology. It has been proposed that vulnerable brain regions in PD are anatomically interconnected. 

Meshorer, E., Erb, C., Gazit, R., Pavlovsky, L., Kaufer, D., Friedman, A., Glick, D., Ben-Arie, N., Soreq, H. (2002). Alternative splicing and neuritic mRNA translocation under long-term neuronal h q)ersensitivity. Science 295 508-12. 

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