Lonchocarpus urucu

Dos Santos Pereira, A. et al.. Analysis and quantitation of rotenoids and flavonoids in Derris (Lonchocarpus urucu) by high-temperature high-resolution gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr. Set, 38, 174, 2000. 

Rotenone (Figure 57-1) is obtained from Derr is elliptica, Derris mallaccensis, Lonchocarpus utilis, and Lonchocarpus urucu. The oral ingestion of rotenone produces gastrointestinal irritation. Conjunctivitis, dermatitis, pharyngitis, and rhinitis can also occur. Treatment is symptomatic. 

The demand for some hundreds of tons of fruit from Carapa guianensis, expected shortly to exceed the natural supply, is stimulating replanting of this species in the states of Amapa and Para where it had been decimated by the timber trade as a substitute for mahogany. Propagation studies already made with this species and with Quassia amara and Lonchocarpus urucu (by EMBRAPA) would make industrial production of these natural insecticides and repellents a short term undertaking. 

Pr, prenyl Ger, geranyl Lav, lavandulyl DMP, dimethylpyrano DMDHP, dimethyldihydropyrano. Rhiz, rhizomes Tissue, plant tissue culture RootB, root bark Aerial, aerial parts StemB, stem bark. Cube resin is an extract of the roots of Lonchocarpus utilis and L. urucu (Leguminosae). 

Deguelin Lonchocarpus utilis, L. urucu (Fabaceae) ETC - NADH DH complex... 

Rotenone is the principal active insecticidal constituent of derris, the dried rhizome and roots of Derris elliptica, D. malaccensis (Leguminosae) and other species of Derris, and of lonchocarpus, the dried root of Lonchocarpus utilis, L. urucu and other species of Lonchocarpus (Leguminosae). 

Cytotoxicity (MCF-7 and Hepa lclc7 cells) of the stilbenes in cube resin from Lonchocarpus utilus and L. urucu roots paralleled their inhibition of NADHmbiquinone oxidoreductase activity and phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity [50,467]. 

A rotenoid-rich extract prepared from the ground roots of Lonchocarpus utilus A.C.Sm. (to be placed in Deguelia utilis (A.C.Sm.) A.M.G.Azevedo) and L. urucu Killip A.C.Sm. (to be placed in Deguelia rufescens (Benth.) A.M.G.Azevedo var. urucu (Killip A.C.Sm.) A.M.G.Azevedo). This product is used commercially as an insecticide, acaricide (control of mites or ticks), and piscicide. 

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