Loading on distribution coefficients

Figure 1. Effect of loading on distribution coefficients of Cs(I) on the sodium form of Wyoming montmorillonite (0.5M NaCl + 0.07 M NaOAc, pH 5, equilibration for 74 hr)...

Figure 10.9 illustrates the effect of uranium saturation of solvent on distribution coefficients, at nitric acid concentrations approximately those in the extracting and scrubbing sections. The ratio of plutonium distribution coefficient to fission products is improved at high uranium loadings, a condition sought at the feed point. 

Impregnated resins for the selective adsorption of noble metal ions obtained [108] by loading TOA onto macroreticular hydrophobic resins were proposed. Au(lll), Pt(lV), and Pd(Il) are adsorbed on the resins as anionic chloro complexes. The adsorption efficiency of the resin was closely related to the specific surface area, the hydrophobic property of the resin matrix, and the amount of TOA loaded. The distribution coefficients of the resin for Au(lll), Pt(lV), and Pd(ll) are higher than 10 in 1 M HCl solutions. The selective recovery of gold and platinum by column operation from the acid-leaching solutions of industrial scraps has been demonstrated. Different from the case of conventional anion exchangers, the adsorbed chloro complexes were readily released from the resin as ion pairs with TOAH" by elution with 4-methyl-2-pentanone. 

In experiments at trace level or very low loading of one ion, the isotope dilution procedure is not required. All that is necessary is that the exchangeable ions on the solid be those of the salt present in macro concentration. The computation of results, which followed that conventionally used in the determination of distribution coefficients, ignores possible effects of colon exclusion from water in the clay pack it is implicitly assumed that the water in the pack has the same coion concentration as the supernatant solution. It is possible that coion exclusion has an effect which may be significant on distribution coefficients (particularly when they are low) and on capacities computed from the results. We shall discuss this interference later in connection with the capacities measured by displacement of both cations and anions from the clay pack and associated water. Coion exclusion has been further discussed in references 1 and 7 (see also 8, 9, and 10). 

A triple-effect evaporator is fed with 5 kg/s of a liquor containing 15 per cent solids. The concentration in the last effect, which operates at 13.5 kN/m2, is 60 per cent solids. If the overall heat transfer coefficients in the three effects are 2.5, 2.0, and 1.1 kW/m2K, respectively, and the steam is fed at 388 K to the first effect, determine the temperature distribution and the area of heating surface required in each effect The calandrias are identical. What is the economy and what is the heat load on the condenser ... 

Eu(III) The loading effect on the distribution coefficient of Eu(III) on the Na form of montmorillonite for both acetate-buffered and unbuffered solutions is shown in Figure 4. The P s are fairly constant in the low loading range. We shall comment later on the differences in presence and absence of buffer. 

Each 3-D block has 12 degrees of freedom, so in the coefficient matrix of Equation 4, each element is a 12x12 submatrix. [DJ and [Fj] are 12x1 submatrices, with [D,] containing the kinematic variables of block i and [F,] containing the loads on block i distributed to the 12 kinematic variables. The submatrix depends on the material... 

Yawalkar et al. (2001) has developed a model for a three-phase reactor based on the use of a dense polymeric composite membrane containing discrete cubic zeolite particles (Fig. 4.5) for the epoxidation reaction of alkene. Catalytic particles of the same size are assumed vdth a cubic shape and uniformly dispersed across the polymer membrane cross-section. Effects of various parameters, such as peroxide and alkene concentration in liquid phase, sorption coefficient of the membrane for peroxide and alkene, membrane-catalyst distribution coefficient for peroxide and alkene and catalyst loading, have been studied. The results have been discussed in terms of a peroxide effidency defined as the ratio of flux of peroxide through the membrane utilized for alkene oxidation to the total flux of organic peroxide through the membrane. The paper aimed to show that, by using an organophilic dense membrane and the catalysts confined in the polymeric matrix, the oxidant concentration (in that reaction peroxides) can be controlled on the active site with an improvement of the peroxide efficiency and selectivity to desired products. 

Fig. 9. Distribution coefficients for adsorption of Sr" and Ba" on the calcium form of Wyoming montmorillonite, loading of Sr-H- 7x10-5 to 4.5x10-3 mole/kg, loading of Ba 5x10 to 7.6x10 mole/kg, pH 5, acetate buffer (O.OIM Ca(Ac)2 + HAc), equilibration time 30 to 70 hours.

The distribution coefficients of the sane radioelements of Figure 33 on Dowex-l resin loaded with EDTA as a function of the EDTA concentration of the eluant Is shown In Figure 34. 

It is also useful to consider the effect of varying the pH of the solution since the stability of the various EDTA complexes Is Icnown to be pH sensitive. The effect on the distribution coefficient for lead between nitrate loaded Dowex-l and nitrate solution containing dilute EDTA Is shown In Figure 35. 

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