Lloydminster fraction

In subsequent cuts from Lloydminster fraction A it appeared that benzothiophenes with six alkyl carbon atoms for cut 3 and seven for cut 4 were involved. On the basis of this trend, it is assumed that each successive sulfur peak, obtained during simulated distillation, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, represents benzothiophene with an additional alkyl carbon atom. Thus dominant benzothiophene peaks are obtained with as many as 11 substituting carbon atoms in peak 8. Then the amounts of sulfur compounds involved in these chromatograms decrease markedly which is not the case for the accompanying hydrocarbons, as shown by the flame ionization trace. High resolution mass spectral data appear to... 

Figure 6. Lloydminster fraction A, LiCl on Chromo-sorb A, boiling range 27S°-296°C...

The chromatogram from the corresponding Lloydminster fraction, Figure 10, is similar to that from the Athabasca but appears to contain considerably more lower molecular weight benzothiophenes, particularly those with four methylene groups represented by peak 2. The Cold Lake fraction, Figure 11, is not well resolved but also shows peaks that match those from the other oils. 

Sulfur compounds in the gas oil fractions from two bitumens (Athabasca oil sand and Cold Lake deposit)> a heavy oil (Lloydminster) from Cretaceous reservoirs along the western Canada sedimentary basin, and a Cretaceous oil from a deep reservoir that may be mature (Medicine River) are investigated. The gas oil distillates were separated to concentrates of different hydrocarbon types on a liquid adsorption chromatographic column. The aromatic hydrocarbon types with their associated sulfur compounds were resolved by gas chromatographic simulated distillation and then by gas solid chromatography. Some sulfur compounds were further characterized by mass spectrometry. The predominant sulfur compounds in these fractions are alkyl-substituted benzo- and dibenzothiophenes with short side chains which have few dominant isomers. 

There is an increasing trend in the amount of saturates in the sequence Athabasca, Cold Lake, Lloydminster, and Medicine River. This trend is reversed for the biaromatic and especially for the polyaromatic-polar fraction. 

The saturated hydrocarbon fractions contain traces of sulfur. The gas-solid chromatography of the Lloydminster saturates boiling in the range of the C2s normal alkane, using a Melpar flame photometric detector, shows that the sulfur compounds are retained much longer than the hydrocarbons. This is typical for alkyl sulfides. 

The first polyaromatic polar fraction from the Athabasca oil was similar to the largest fraction in this class from the Lloydminster oil. All the simulated distillation chromatograms of the first polyaromatic polar fractions in the C region of the liquid chromatograms are shown in Figures 14-17. Sulfur peaks from the three oils are fairly well resolved,... 

C, an asphaltene weight fraction of 0.1411, and a viscosity at 20 °C of 8580 mPa s. The Lindbergh had a density of 992 kg/m3 at 15 °C, an asphaltene weight fraction of 0.2067, and a viscosity at 20° C of 10,500 mPa-s. Of the two crude oils used, the Lindbergh oil was more viscous (10,500 mPa.s), and contained about one and a half times higher asphaltene than the Lloydminster heavy oil. The asphaltene contents of the crude oils were measured by precipitation with pentane. 

---