Litter chemistry

Parton, W. J., Schimel, D. S., Ojima, D. S., and Cole, C. V. (1994). A general model for soil organic carbon dynamics Sensitivity to litter chemistry, texture and management. In Quantitative Modelling of Soil Forming Processes, Bryant, R. B., ed., Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, pp. 147-168. 

The impacts of trees on soil fertility depend on nutrient recycling characteristics such as litter chemistry and decomposition rates. Tree litter can be used as mulch with different outcomes a fast mulch decomposition rate may accelerate the growth of associated crops on poor soils, while in other cases a more persistent litter may provide a steady source of nutrients and a better soil cover year round. In the experiments in Costa Rica described in the previous section, high rates of litterfall and slower decomposition resulted in high litter accumulation and high... 

Aber J. D., Melillo J. M., and McClaugherty C. A. (1990) Predicting long-term patterns of mass loss, nitrogen dynamics, and soil organic matter formation from initial fine litter chemistry in temperate forest ecosystems. Can. J. Botany 68(10), 2201-2208. 

Aerts R. (1997) Climate, leaf litter chemistry and leaf litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems a triangular relationship. Oikos 79(3), 439-449. 

Deciphering the code. The language of computational chemistry is littered with acronyms, what do these abbreviations stand for in terms of underlying assumptions and approximations ... 

In 1781 he went to Edinburgh to study under the famous chemist and physician Dr. Joseph Black, and in the following year he entered Christ s College, Cambridge, where he studied chemistry, botany, mathematics, and Newton s Principia. His room at college was a scene of confusion books, papers, and chemical apparatus littered the floor, and his indolent and unsystematic habits were indeed a serious handicap throughout his scientific career (15). 

Vacuum technology takes necessary information from chemistry, physics and engineering. Possibly because of this, it is littered with a multiplicity of units, and both newcomers and experienced workers have often lacked the confidence to quantify their systems. It is fine to present... 

Litter, M.I. and J.A. Navio (1996). Photocatalytic properties of iron-doped titania semiconductors. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A-Chemistry, 98(3), 171-181. 

Litter MI (2006) In Boule P, Bahnemann D, Robertson PKJ (eds) The handbook of environmental chemistry, vol. 2, part M environmental photochemistry part II. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (in this volume)... 

The academic countryside was littered with scientific couples studying botany, genetics, chemistry, and other sciences. Professor husbands and their low-ranking, low-paid [or unpaid] wives often worked together for decades. .. the women were generally low-level instructors, lecturers, or research... 

Rier, S. T., Tuchman, N. C., Wetzel, R. G. Teeri, J. A. (2002). Elevated-C02-induced changes in the chemistry of quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michaux) leaf litter subsequent mass loss and microbial response in a stream ecosystem. Journal of the North American Benthological Society, 21, 16-27. 

The Role of Soil Geobiochemistry and Litter Supply Rates in Effection and Control of Tropical (Amazonian) Metal Cycling a Perspective from Bioinorganic Chemistry... 

Perez-Harguindeguy N., Diaz S., Cornelissen J. H. C., Vendramini F., Cabido M., and Castellanos A. (2000) Chemistry and toughness predict leaf litter decomposition rates over a wide spectrum of functional types and taxa in central Argentina. Plant Soil 218, 21-30. 

Erench D. D. (1988) Some effects of changing soil chemistry on decomposition of plant litters and cellulose on a Scottish [UK] moor. Oecologia (Berlin) 75(4), 608-618. 

As said above, plant root chemistry may also influence deeply alpine soil microorganism s biomass. It turns out that the particular chemical composition of exudates is a strong selective force in favour of bacteria that can catabolize particular compounds. Plants support heterotrophic microorganisms by way of rhizodeposition of root exudates and litter from dead tissue that include phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, hydroxamic acids, aminoacids, denatured protein from dying root cells, CO2, and ethylene (Wardle, 1992). In certain plants, as much as 20-30% of fixed carbon may be lost as rhizodeposition (Lynch and Whipps, 1990). Most of these compounds enter the soil nutrient cycle by way of the soil microbiota, giving rise to competition between the myriad species living there, from microarthropods and nematodes to mycorrhiza and bacteria, for these resources (e.g. Hoover and Crossley, 1995). There is evidence that root phenolic exudates are metabolized preferentially by some soil microbes, while the same compounds are toxic to others. Phenolic acids usually occur in small concentration in soil chiefly because of soil metabolism while adsorption in clay and other soil particles plays a minor role (Bliun et al., 1999). However, their phytotoxicity is compounded by synergism between particular mixtures (Blum, 1996). 

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