Lithium indium hydride

Liquid injection molding, for silicone rubbers, 3, 674—675 Liquid ligands, in metal vapor synthesis, 1, 229 Liquid-phase catalysis, supported, for green olefin hydroformylation, 12, 855 Lithiacarbaboranes, preparation, 3, 114 Lithiation, arene chromium tricarbonyls, 5, 236 Lithium aluminum amides, reactions, 3, 282 Lithium aluminum hydride, for alcohol reductions, 3, 279 Lithium borohydride, in hydroborations, 9, 158 Lithium gallium hydride, in reduction reactions, 9, 738 Lithium indium hydride, in carbonyl reductions, 9, 713—714... 

Lithium indium hydride (LiInH4), prepared in situ by mixing LiH and InCl3 in ether, readily reduces aldehydes. Reduction of ketones is less effective giving lower yields of alcohols. A carbon-carbon double bond is not reduced.364 Acid chlorides are converted to esters with this reagent. Esters, in turn, are little affected. The reducing ability of... 

LiInH4 is increased by the introduction of phenyl group(s) LiPhInH3 and LiPh2InH2 readily reduce aldehydes, ketones, acid chlorides, and even esters to the corresponding alcohols. Hydroxy ketones and diketones are reduced with lithium indium hydride to give meso-diols selectively. a-Hydroxy ketones and a-diketones are reduced to meso-1,2-diols with high diastereoselectivities, whereas the selectivities of /3-hydroxyketones and /3-diketones are less satisfactory.365... 

Lithium indium hydride (LiInH4), prepared in situ by mixing LiH and InCb in... 

Related to the nitrile oxide cycloadditions presented in Scheme 6.206 are 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of nitrones with alkenes leading to isoxazolidines. The group of Comes-Franchini has described cycloadditions of (Z)-a-phenyl-N-methylnitrone with allylic fluorides leading to enantiopure fluorine-containing isoxazolidines, and ultimately to amino polyols (Scheme 6.207) [374]. The reactions were carried out under solvent-free conditions in the presence of 5 mol% of either scandium(III) or indium(III) triflate. In the racemic series, an optimized 74% yield of an exo/endo mixture of cycloadducts was obtained within 15 min at 100 °C. In the case of the enantiopure allyl fluoride, a similar product distribution was achieved after 25 min at 100 °C. Reduction of the isoxazolidine cycloadducts with lithium aluminum hydride provided fluorinated enantiopure polyols of pharmaceutical interest possessing four stereocenters. 

A number of indium trialkyls have been prepared, starting from the trimeihyl, and some diaryl compounds are known, such as the diphenyl bromide. The lower trialkyls are tetramers. Like aluminum, indium forms a polymeric hydride. (lnHil , from which lelrahydroindates. such as the lithium compound, LilnHj. can be derived. 

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