Liquid load dimensionless

Figure 5.4-23 presents the result of the evaluation of (5.4-27) together with (5.4-28) and (5.4-29) for a random packing of Bialecki rings. This plot is almost identical with the empirical flooding correlation of Mersmann (Fig. 5.4-18). Just the dimensionless liquid load has been replaced by the liquid holdup below loading.

Figure 2-5a. Flooding line, dependent on the dimensionless liquid load acc. to Mersmann [3] with experimental data for various packings and test systems [20, 30,44,45,46]...

Figure 2-18. Flooding line depending on the dimensionless liquid load with ranges of validity of the SBD model, based on the results of this work, and the film gas thrust shear force model, developed by Mersmann [3, 60,91]...

The second group includes empirical methods, which are based on tests using air/water. Here, the influence of physical properties, operating conditions, such as the specific liquid load ur, and packing-specific variables on the quotient Ap/Apo in Eq. (3-1) is expressed by the dimensionless numbers ReL, Rey, FrL and/or empirical power law models. Please refer to Teutsch [3, 16], WeiB et al. [11], Madkowiak [17], Leva [20], Kast [45], Kolev [46], Beck [47] and Kleinhukelkotten [48] and others, see Table 4-lb Table 4-lc. 

This means that the total liquid hold-up hL can be equated with the dynamic liquid holdup hj). According to Mersmann and Deixler [44], the static hquid hold-up hL,st prevails in the case of very low, dimensionless liquid load Bl, acc. to Eq. (4-16) ... 

Figure 4-3 shows a new diagram, created by Mersmann and Deixler [44], which can be used to estimate the entire liquid hold-up El, if the dimensionless liquid load Bl, see Eq. (4-16), is known. The diagram is based on experimental data, mostly for ceramic Raschig rings, with a dimension ofd < 0.035 m, taken by Gelbe (22],Blafiand Kurtz (42, 43] as well as Mersmann [21]. The parameter, which is used in Fig. 4-3 is the WeL/FtL number, defined in Eq. (4-17). 

Figure 4-3. Liquid hold-up hL as function of dimensionless liquid load Bp according to Mersmann and Deixler [44]...

A more detailed analysis of the evaluation results of the experimental data shown in Fig. 4-9, using Mersmann and Deixler s [44] calculation, acc. to (4-34), also leads to the conclusion that the hp values for higher, dimensionless liquid loads Bp > 2 10 4 are too small. In the case of turbulent Hquid flow. Rep > 5, the exponent n = 1/2 in Eq. (4-34)... 

Figure 3. Effectiveness factor, ho as function of dimensionless liquid loading ao...

Capacity factor based on tower area, ft/sec Capacity fector at flood, ft/sec Liquid gradient vapor load correction factor or Discharge coefficient (see accompanying table) or Gas phase loading factor, ft/sec. Equation 8-281 Eddy loss coefficient, dimensionless. Table 8-22 Wet cap pressure drop correction factor. Figure 8-115... 

Fully developed fire studies have been performed over a range of fuel loadings and ventilation conditions, but primarily at scales smaller than for normal rooms. Also the fuels have been idealized as wood cribs or liquid or plastic pool fires. The results have not been fully generalized. The strength of the dimensionless theoretical implication of Equation (11.38) suggests that, for a given fuel, the fully developed, ventilation-limited fire should have dependences as... 

The liquid-solid hydrocyclone, shown schematically in Fig. 3.4-3, functions like a gas-solid cyclone. The hydrocyclone is also known as a hydroclone. The primary independent parameters that influence the ability of a hydrocyclone to make a separation are size and geometry of the hydrocyclone, particle size and geometry, solids loading, inlet velocity, split between overflow and underflow, density differential, and liquid viscosity. A reasonable estimate of Ae particle cut diameter (50% in underflow and overflow) d o) is given by the following dimensionless relationship, developed initially by Bradley ... 

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