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Lipopolysaccharide gram-negative species

Figure 1 Structure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative Salmonella species. Figure 1 Structure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram-negative Salmonella species.
In Gram-negative bacteria the cell wall is only about 3 nm thick, and located in the extended periplasmatic space between the inner membrane (IM) and an additional outer membrane (OM). The lipid monolayer in the outer leaflet of the OM contains about 90% lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS consist of Lipid A and an oligosaccharide component, which is highly specific for individual bacterial species and phenotypes [108, 114]. [Pg.104]

Endotoxin. Endotoxin is the lipopolysaccharide that comprises a major portion of the cell wall of the gram-negative bacteria. The endotoxins from each species of bacteria are different but the lipid A moiety is similar for the Enterobacterlaceae, and has a similar series of biological actions regardless of its source. The lipid A material is different in some of the gram-negative rods present in cotton (i.e. in the Pseudomonas species). This variety of compounds makes quantitation of endotoxin difficult. Hence, it is usually measured by its biological activity as compared to a standard endotoxin (usually that of E. coll). (See Table VIII.)... [Pg.238]

The amino pentose identified (14) in the lipid A constituents of several other species of Gram-negative bacteria was not encountered in these Pseudomonas lipopolysaccharides. [Pg.25]

Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative human pathogen that routinely colonizes the upper respiratory tract. Serotype b capsular strains are associated with invasive diseases such as meningitis, septicemia, epiglottises, pneumonia, and emphysema, particularly in infants (1,2). The presence of TV-acetylglucos-amine as a minor component of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported in H. influenzae type b strain A2 (3) and in the related species Haemophilus ducreyi... [Pg.93]

In keeping with this idea, Wiegel and Quandt (1982) have demonstrated polymyxin B dependent formation of protrusions (blebs) of lipopolysaccharides on the cell wall of all tested species of Gram-negative organisms. KOH solubility and some enzyme tests did not always correlate well with Gram reactions or types in other studies (Halebian et al. 1981 Carlone et al. 1982). [Pg.14]


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