Lipids, industrially important types

In summary, it is clear that a multitude of dietary factors can Influence the metabolism of xenobiotics, particularly those that can be involved in carcinogenesis. We are and will continue to be exposed to xenobiotics of various types from our food, industrial sources, toxic wastes, drugs, and smoke. The well nourished animal or man appears, within the limits of individual variation, to be able to metabolize and excrete most of these xenobiotics harmlessly. It is important that we use the best diet possible to reduce fat in the diet, particularly where lipid... 

Dihydric phenolic lipids of the cardol type are the most abundant in plant, fungal and bacterial kingdoms. The first species in which the members of the title subclass of phenolic lipids, resorcinolic lipids, were found was Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae) [6,9,10,17]. Later, the presence of resorcinolic lipids (5-n-alk(en)ylresorcinols) was shown also in other species, first, in the Anacardiaceae [14], which is an important source of various phenolic lipids, not only of alkylresorcinols but also of alkylphenols and alkylcatechols. For example, the cashew and the processing of cashew nuts are the main source of phenolic lipids for the formaldehyde-polymer industry. Aspects of Anacardium occidentale in relation to synthesis, semi-synthesis and chemical industry have been reviewed Tyman [1,11,14] as well as a recent book [2]. 

Lipids are very important both as components of human nutrition and in applications such as the chemical, cosmetics and food industries. At present the world oil supply depends on conventional sources and changes in the political and economical map of the world may mean consumer demand will surpass supplies. In developed nations consumer preferences due to nutrition and health factors have also created a need to produce new types of oil. 

It is therefore entirely predictable that with these small beginnings, in the near future a very rapid expansion of plant molecular biology into the area of plant lipids will have major impacts not only in the basic knowledge necessary to understand more fully the biosynthesis, degradation and regulation of lipids in plant tissues but equally important on the agricultural and Industrial side by which fatty acid composition, types of lipids, etc. can be designed for the societal needs of people... 

Another important application of ethyl lactate is related with the edible oil industry, taking advantage of the partial liquid-liquid miscibility that present the mixtures of ethyl lactate with different lipid type substances. This property could be exploited to develop new separation processes, similar to those mentioned in this chapter, namely the recovery of squalene from olive oil deodorized distillates and the extraction of tocopherols from olive oil. In both applications, the yield and separation factors obtained indicate good selectivity of using ethyl lactate as an extractive solvent, and demonstrate the viability of developing liquid-liquid countercurrent process using green ethyl lactate solvent in edible oil industrial applications. 

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