Lipids and Lipidomics

Adibhatla R. M., Hatcher J. F., and Dempsey R. J. (2006). Lipids and lipidomics in brain injury and diseases. AAPS J. 8 E314-E321. 

FATP5 KO mice have been characterized in two studies focusing on the role of FATP5 in hepatic lipid and bile metabolism. LCFA uptake in primary hepato-cytes isolated from FATP5 KO mice was reduced by 50% and hepatic lipid content in the KO mice was significantly reduced despite an increased fatty acid de novo biosynthesis. Detailed analysis of the hepatic lipidome of FATP5 KO mice revealed significant... 

Volume 434. Lipidomics and Bioactive Lipids Lipids and Cell Signaling (in preparation)... 

Targeted lipidomics is leading to a better understanding of endocannabinoid metabolism. Recent innovations in LC/MS analyses have led to the rapid identification and quantification of numerous lipids, and these data are creating new opportunities to enhance our knowledge of endocannabinoid function in the context of lipid metabolism. 

Christie, W. W. and Han, X. 2010. Lipid Analysis—Isolation, Separation, Identification and Lipidomic Analysis. Bridgewater, England The Oily Press Lipid Library. 

Lipidomics Lipidomics means a systematic profiling of lipids and the entities that interact with lipids. Lipidomics may be extended to the genomics of lipid metabolism, understanding the biosynthesis pathways, lipoproteins, and proteins that interact and metabolize lipids. 

Arachidonic acid is an important fatty acyl component of the lipidome that is present as the free fatty acid in the plasma as well as the esterified form in sterol lipids, and at the sn-2 position of glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids... 

Murphy, R.C., LIPID MAPS Lipidomics Workshop. (2009) Future directions tissue and ceU imaging. Available at http //www.lipidmaps.org/resources/lipidmapspresenta-tions/EB2009/MurphyEB2(X)9.pdf. 

MALDI-MS is generally performed at (complex) lipids mixtures, although post-LC-column fractionation systems have been developed as well. Additionally, MALDI-MS imaging of TLC plates is useful technology in Upid analysis [219]. The application of MALDI-MS in lipid analysis and lipidomics has been extensively reviewed [193, 194, 220, 221]. The most widely applied matrices in lipid analysis are DHB and 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (DHAP). Unlike in ESI-MS, MALDI-MS provides positive-ion response for all phospholipid classes. Individual components may be observed as [M+H]+, [M+Na], [M+K]+, or adduct ions with additional HWa - or H+/K+-exchange, thus significantly complicating the interpretation and (relative) quantification of individual components in... 

A few edited books on the areas of lipid analysis and lipidomics written by the experts and/or pioneers in the field have also been published [30,59-61]. The current book provides a comprehensive description of the lipidomics discipline by using MS, from the fundamental, theory, and methods for identification and quantification, to applications. 

Selection of a suitable matrix to analyze a particular lipid class or a category of lipid classes is important for MALDI-MS analysis of lipids and has been well documented [54-57], It is conventional to use a-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) for analysis of lipids in the positive-ion mode while 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) in the negative-ion mode. Utilization of these matrices results in some of the obstacles for quantitative and global analyses of cellular lipidomes (see Chapter 2). 

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