Lipid semi-synthesis

Mangold, H.K., Muramatsu, T, Roughley, B.S., and Weber, N. (1987) Biologically active lipids. Semi-synthesis of H-labeled ether glycerophospholipids and ether glyceroglycolipids from ratfish liver oil. FEBS Lett., 220, 220-222. 

GlycoUpids, Synthesis of Imaging Techniqnes Lipids Labeling Techniqnes Lipids Lipidomics Lipids, Semi-synthetic Steroid and Triterpene Biosynthesis PHYSICAL PROPERTIES PHASE BEHAVIOR AND PHASE TRANSITIONS... 

Lipid chemistry contains many instances of semi-synthesis in the chemistry of the fatty vitamins, prostaglandins and leukotrienes, the phospholipids, and the glycerides with their structural relatives. 

Dihydric phenolic lipids of the cardol type are the most abundant in plant, fungal and bacterial kingdoms. The first species in which the members of the title subclass of phenolic lipids, resorcinolic lipids, were found was Ginkgo biloba (Ginkgoaceae) [6,9,10,17]. Later, the presence of resorcinolic lipids (5-n-alk(en)ylresorcinols) was shown also in other species, first, in the Anacardiaceae [14], which is an important source of various phenolic lipids, not only of alkylresorcinols but also of alkylphenols and alkylcatechols. For example, the cashew and the processing of cashew nuts are the main source of phenolic lipids for the formaldehyde-polymer industry. Aspects of Anacardium occidentale in relation to synthesis, semi-synthesis and chemical industry have been reviewed Tyman [1,11,14] as well as a recent book [2]. 

Ahmad, T. Y Sparrow, J. T. Morrisett, J. D. Fluorine-, pyrene-, and nitroxide-labeled sphingomyelin semi-synthesis and thermotropic properties. J. Lipid Res. 1985,26,1160-1165. 

The Wittig reaction approach provides an alternative route to the synthesis of the unsaturated phenolic lipids in urushiol in Rhus vernicifera, which contains three C15 isomeric trienes, the major constituent the semi-conjugated Fig (3)-4, 8(Z),11(E),13(Z), (55.4%), the trace corresponding 13(E) isomer (1.7%) and the non-conjugated Fig (3)-5, 8(Z), 11(E), 14 (7.4%) which is also the chief component in urushiol from Rhus toxicodendron. Scheme 1 shows the routes to the first and last constituents [230-233]. 

Type IV system. Protein synthesis inside lipid vesicles. The field of protein expression inside compartments is certainly the most advanced one in context of compartmentalized reactions. To date, in fact, it represents the state of the art in the construction of synthetic cells (more properly, semi-synthetic cells). This interest is due to the above mentioned convergence of some aspects of synthetic biology and experimental studies on the origins of Ufe. A comprehensive review of studies on semi-synthetic cells has been recently published by us, and other reviews have discussed this subject " here we will comment on a couple of relevant examples and highhghting some trends and future perspectives. The complete Ust of pubUshed works can be found in Table 17.1. 

---