Lipid mono acylglycerols

Itabashi, Y. and Takagi, T. (1986) High performance liquid chromatographic separation of mono-acylglycerol enantiomers on a chiral stationary phase. Lipids, 21, 413-416. 

Schulz GAS, da Silveira KC, Libardi DB M. do Carmo RP, Samios D. Synthesis and characterizahon of mono-acylglycerols through the glycerolysis of methyl esters obtained from linseed oil. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2011 113 1533-1540. 

A lipid system of biosomes composed of PC from soybean and medium-chain mono-acylglycerol and low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), used in the treatment and prevention of thromboses, was reported (56). Heparin is known as having poor oral absorption. The system is applicable for oral and parentral administration as well as for enhancing dermal, rectal, and nasal absorption of other drugs. 

The first step in re-esterification is the activation of fatty acids to their acyl-CoA thiolesters (section 3.2.1). Again, the preferred substrates are the long chain fatty acids. In man and other simple stomached animals, the major acceptors for esterification of acyl-CoAs are the 2-mono-acylglycerols, which together with the non-esterified fatty acids are the major forms of absorbed lipids. Resynthesis of triacylglycerols, therefore. 

Fatty acid (FA) residues constitute 90 wt.% of milk lipids. They are bound in acylglycerols (tri-, di-, and mono-), phospholipids (PL), glycolipids, cholesteryl esters, and FA may occur in free form. 

This is an important method of preparing mono- and di-acylglycerols. The composition of the equilibrium mixture of all four components depends on the relative amount of triacylglycerol and of glycerol dissolved in the lipid phase. 

Acylglycerols (or acylglycerides) comprise the mono-, di- or triesters of glycerol with fatty acids (Table 3.1). They are designated as neutral lipids. Edible oils or fats consist nearly completely of tri-acylglycerols. 

DG, TG = di , tri-acylglycerols PC, PE, PG, PI = phosphatidyl-choline, -ethanolamine, -glycerol, -inositol NL, PL = neutral, polar lipids S = sterol SE = sterol esters MGDG, DGDG = mono-, di-galactosyl diacylglycerols SL = sulpholipid. 

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