Linear features

Our group has continued to examine several other rare Rg- XY systems, and a list of the experimental and theoretical T-shaped and linear binding energies of these complexes is presented in Table 1 [52-55,57]. The general features and characteristics of the spectra for all of the complexes investigated are similar to those observed in the spectra for the He ICl and He Br2 systems. The linear features are observed to higher transition energies than the T-shaped features. In contrast to the rather simple rotational structure of the T-shaped features, the linear features possess much broader and structured... 

The ability to detect discrete rovibronic spectral features attributed to transitions of two distinct conformers of the ground-state Rg XY complexes and to monitor changing populations as the expansion conditions are manipulated offered an opportunity to evaluate the concept of a thermodynamic equilibrium between the conformers within a supersonic expansion. Since continued changes in the relative intensities of the T-shaped and linear features was observed up to at least Z = 41 [41], the populations of the conformers of the He - lCl and He Br2 complexes are not kinetically trapped within a narrow region close to the nozzle orifice. We implemented a simple thermodynamic model that uses the ratios of the peak intensities of the conformer bands with changing temperature in the expansion to obtain experimental estimates of the relative binding energies of these complexes [39, 41]. 

The model [39] was developed using three assumptions the conformers are in thermodynamic equilibrium, the peak intensities of the T-shaped and linear features are proportional to the populations of the T-shaped and linear ground-state conformers, and the internal energy of the complexes is adequately represented by the monomer rotational temperature. By using these assumptions, the temperature dependence of the ratio of the intensities of the features were equated to the ratio of the quantum mechanical partition functions for the T-shaped and linear conformers (Eq. (7) of Ref. [39]). The ratio of the He l Cl T-shaped linear intensity ratios were observed to decay single exponentially. Fits of the decays yielded an approximate ground-state binding... 

The influence of intermolecular bending excitation of the Ne IC1(B, v = 2) complex [97] and of intermolecular bending and rotational excitation of the Ne Cl2(fi, v = 11) complex [112] has been considered theoretically. To date, however, there are no complimentary experimental results reported to complement the predictions. The observation of the linear features in the excitation spectra of Rg XY complexes enables dynamics to be investigated over broader regions of the excited state PES. Thus far, we have investigated the VP of He I C1(B, v = 2, 3) dissociation with n >2 [51]. 

Fig. 5 Generation of linear features bv particles of filler (XlZOOl. Volume function of filler - 0.05. Crack propagated from top to bottom.

Equation 3.8 s equivalent to the second derivative of Equation 3-4 and the linear feature (aand has been completely removed. 

Fig. I. Linear feature i/.e ol commercial electronic circuits versus tune the...

Figure 5.9 Example of a geochemical image with unlevelled data (copper in stream sediments from Wales). The horizontal E-W line is shown just above the southern extent of the 1988 field campaign boundary. A subde but noticeable linear feature can be seen coincident with the boundary between samples collected in different years. The results in the south had to be reduced by levelling in order to remove this analytical artefact.

This study in Railroad Valley demonstrates a unique surface geochemical expression of one particular lineament, herein named the Currant Lineament, which appears to have a dramatic effect on the commercial possibilities for a subsurface oil deposit. The noncommercial Currant No. 1 well is located just to the southeast of a NE-SW linear feature, which crosses the valley through the town of Currant in northern part of Railroad Valley. The location of this lineament is obvious on all of the regional remote-sensing products. Although the lineament is dramatically expressed both northeast and southwest of Currant, it is not as obvious in the centre of the study area. Even more detailed aerial... 

We believe that data mining techniques will find utility in the future in determining accurate outputs from complex piezoelectric sensors yet to be developed. In the future, ever more complex biosensors and chemical sensors will be created on piezoelectric platforms. The accurate analyses of complex multidimensional inputs from such sensors may critically depend upon the use of machine learning algorithms. Such algorithms will learn to identify characteristic non-linear features of the inputs and associate them accurately with particular outputs (classification activity), such as an analyte concentration, that are then reported to the end-user. 

Ship tracks, linear features of high cloud reflectivity embedded in marine stratus clouds, result from aerosols emitted or formed from the exhaust of ships engines (Coakley et al. 1987 Scorer 1987 Radke et al. 1989 King et al. 1993) (Figure 24.15). Aircraft observations have confirmed enhanced droplet concentrations and decreased drop sizes in the ship tracks themselves as compared with the adjacent, unperturbed regions of the clouds (Radke et al. 1989 King et al. 1993 Johnson et al. 1996). 

Figure 9. Mechanism for the formation of strles and linear features. Reproduced with permission from Ref. 34 Copyright 1982, Society of Plastics Engineers.

The District of Columbia was able to obtain FG-118-120. This photograph is dated April 30, 1937, and covers 22 months of Lt. Noel s 24-month service period. Therefore, this series should contain evidence of the massive burial reported. Indeed, as EPIC predicted the photo contains an obvious linear feature approximately a half mile long parallel to the C O Canal suggesting mechanically worked earth. EPIC briefly examined the photo and confirmed the District of Columbia s observation. This area had railroad access and it would have been possible to bring a steam shovel into the area as MacFee indicated. It was also federal property and close to the AUES. Further, the area upon physical examination still shows clear evidence of earth that has been excavated by mechanical means, compatible with the aerial photograph representation. 

Klinkenberg, B. (1994). A review of methods used to determine the fractal dimension of linear features. Math. Geol., 26(1), 23-46. 

Scratching. This damage mode is identified as linear features on the articulating surface, produced by plowing of microscopic asperities on the opposing metallic surface, or by tiiird body debris (Figure 8.14). This is a mode of abrasive wear. 

Hwang, S.G. 2001, Photogramatric measurement of the attitude of planar and linear features, Mathematical Geology Conferetwe (IAMG2001), proceeding CD. 

The perfonnance of integrated circuits (ICs) has been driven steadily higher over the past several decades by the twin engines of feature scaling and materials innovation—so much so that steady performance improvement is seen as a necessary aspect of the broader electronics industry. As each technology node shrank linear feature dimensions by around 70%, the required chip area diminished by 50%. This enabled additional features to be added to a chip while maintaining chip size. This halving of chip-size for equivalent functionality has enabled sustained cost reduction, which has been the second feature of the semiconductor industry. The IC can be divided into the transistor section and the interconnect section—each of which has contributed to the improvement in 1C performance. 

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