Line arrangement

Flow normal to flat side of diamond, not staggered (in-line) arrangement... 

Modern steam practice calls for an automatic valve to be fitted in the steam supply line, arranged so that the valve remains closed until a sufficient pressure is attained in the boiler. The valve can then be made to open over a timed period, so that steam is admitted to the pipe work at a controlled rate. The pressure within the boiler may be climbing quickly but the slow opening valve protects the pipe work. 

It has been suggested that, for in-line arrangements, the constant in equation 9.90 should be reduced to 0.26, but there is insufficient evidence from commercial exchangers to confirm this. 

Fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra corrected for the instrumental sensitivity were measured with a spectrometer described previously (()). Corrected excitation spectra were obtained with constant excitation intensity controlled by a rhodamine B quantum counter. For phosphorescence polarization measurements the apparatus was set up in an "In Line" arrangement (j ) and equipped with a Glan-Thomson polarizer and a sheet polarizer (analyser) (10). 

Pumps shall use throat bushings, wear rings, impeller balance holes and/or flushing line arrangements for the following ... 

A tube bank uses an in-line arrangement with S = Sp = 1.9 cm and 6.33-mm-diameter tubes. Six rows of tubes are employed with a stack 50 tubes high. The surface temperature of the tubes is constant at 90 C, and atmospheric air at 20°C is forced across them at an inlet velocity of 4.5 m/s before the flow enters the tube bank. Calculate the total heat transfer per unit length for the tube bank. Estimate the pressure drop for this arrangement. 

Three categories of synthetases are distinguished, based on their substrate specificity and mode of product synthesis. The two known types of polyketide synthetases (PKSs) (Type I and II) utilize acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) monomers while nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) use amino acids and their analogs as substrates. Type I PKS and NRPS oligomerize these building blocks by a modular assembly-line arrangement while type II PKS iteratively assembles monomeric units. 

It should be clear from the foregoing that the two-dimensional J-spectrum of a homonuclear AX spin system subject to a non-selective 180° refocussing pulse should consist of four lines arranged in a 2 x 4 grid. Their coordinates (o)j,o)2) are J/2, 6 + J/2 —Jjl, 6, — J/2 J/2, + /2 and — J/2, — J/2. For systems with second-order... 

Mass spectrometry is another valuable method for the investigation of high-energy nuclear reactions, in particular if an on-line arrangement is used in such a way that the reaction products are immediately transported from the target into the mass spectrometer or mass separator. The transport may be combined with a chemical separation in the gas phase. 

The maximum velocity is determined from the conservation of mass requirement for steady incompressible flow. For in-line arrangement, the maximum velocity occurs at the minimum flow area between the tubes, and the conservation of mass can be expressed as (see Fig. 7—26a) pVA, pV ArOt VSj- V np,(57- — D). Then the maximum velocity becomes... 

TLC is a flexible, versatile, and economical process in which the various stages (Fig. 1) are carried out independently. The advantages of this off-line arrangement as compared with an on-line process, such as colunm high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), have been outlined and include the following ... 

Figure 1. Schematic of beam line arrangement of the TAMS system operating at the National Science Foundation Regional Accelerator Facility at the University of Arizona.

Qualitative analysis depends on identification of the peaks on the video display of the MCA, which shows the counts accumulated vs. x-ray energy. The analyst should have a table or chart of the energies of all K and L lines arranged consecutively, as in Vol. 4 of [G.ll]. (Only ATa-line energies are listed in Appendix 7.) Or these data may be stored in the memory of the MCA, to be retrieved when needed. 

The Z lines arrange actin filaments in register and segment the myofibrils into the structural unit, the sarcomere. Electron microscopy shows a highly organized tetragonal lattice structure to which actin filaments attach. 

From a far distant and evidently richer part of the world, Wheeler (1953) surveyed the commercially important bottom fishes of a number of banks in the Mauritius-Seychelles area. He demonstrated that measures of abundance of these fishery stocks depend on the kind of gear fished. Thus fishing with a series of drifting lines arranged in a row 40 feet wide yielded catches ranging from 2.1 to 48.4 tons of bony fish per square mile plus 5 to 84.3 tons of sharks. Fishing with nets on an offshore bank (the Soudan Bank) indicated that the annual yield would become stabilized at around 83 tons per square mile after a year of intense fishing. 

The nitrogen pump lasers are triggered by a common master control unit with delay lines arranged so that each laser fires at predetermined and well-controlled times with respect to the others. The dye laser pulses were monitored by a fast vacuum photodiode and oscilloscope. The dye lasers provided 5-10 ns pulses having 0.5-2.0 cm spectral linewidths with less than 5 ns jitter. A boxcar integrated the signal received from the particle multiplier. 

Some of the pipe lines arranged in the yard need special consideration. These lines are classified as follows ... 

Pipe economy depends primarily on the length of lines arranged in the yard. Fittings, valves and instruments are relatively few compared to pipe length. 

In a double-pipe yard, two elevations can be used for lines between yard and exchanger (see Figure 7-69, dotted lines) but use only one supporting beam for all these lines at the lower or higher elevation depending on the number of lines supported. Hang or post-up one or two lines arranged on the other elevation. 

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