Lime sulphur

As a result, organic fruit growers have to make maximum use of preventative or indirect plant protection measures, some of which were already described in terms of their effect on fruit quality (e.g. lower planting densities, see sections above). However, there remains an increased risk for pests and diseases causing stress, decreased photosynthetic activity and capacity. Also in certain sensitive cultivars, the application of permitted plant protection products (such as lime sulphur) can result in phytotoxic effects or latent stress in trees (Palmer et al, 2002). The decrease in photosynthetic activity by both pest/disease attack and pesticides may, in turn, result in reduced fruit quality. Both long-term latent and short-term acute side effects of organic plant protection products have not yet been sufficiently investigated. 

The main polysulphide products are trisulphide, tetrasulphide and pentasulphide, but on account of the tendency of the polysulphides to decompose, yielding thiosulj hate and hydrogen sulphide, the quantity of thiosulphate usually exceeds that indicated in the equation.7 Loss of sulphur by the thiosulphate yields sulphite.8 The so-called lime-sulphur washes, used as insecticides in agricultural work, are obtained by treating sulphur with milk of lime in this way.9... 

On roasting lead sulphide (galena) with lime, sulphur dioxide is evolved. It is assumed that the reactions which take place are as follows ... 

LIME SULPHUR SOLUTION. Lime sulphur solution is one of the most important fungicides in organic fruit growing. A thinning effect was observed in some trials. Use of 20-40 kg/ha (2,0-4.0%) at full bloom is recommended. Cultivar sensitivity and possible side effects on beneficial fauna should be determined by careful experimentation. 

Fatty acid potassium salt (soft soap) Lime sulphur (calcium polysulphide)... 

Paris Green (copper arsenite), and other inorganic substances, used as insecticides and herbicides include lime sulphur, lead arsenate, hydrogen cyanide, copper sulphate and kerosene... 

Dissolve the chloride of calcium in the distilled water, add the lime, and agitate the mixture in a bottle with the impure ether the chloride of calcium absorbs water, and the lime sulphurous acid. Leave the mixture at rest for ten minutes, pour off the light supernatant fiuid, and distil it with a gentle heat until a glass bead of sp. gr. 0 735 placed in the receiver begins to fioat. The product is ether of the composition already stated. 

Paper making consumed several thousand tons of various chemicals annually, and this demand stimulated the development of certain chemical branches, such as the production of sulphur, chlorine, and caustic and calcium salts. Nevertheless, in 1938 more than half of the chlorine, chloride of lime, sulphur and Glauber salt required was imported. Therefore, even in this field not all potential for growth was used. 

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