Lignin-based composites

Guigoetal. [41] have reported thaL based on TGA and DMTA, the incorporation of plasticized Hgnin to polyfurfural alcohol, another biosynthetic thermoset, effectively increases impact strength and stiffness. Because of its high compatibility with 

Effect of KOH solution as catalyst on the flexural strength and modulus of 

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Figure 5.4 Granules of a lignin-based composite and injection moulded sample. ( Tecnaro GmbH, 2013.)...

A wood-based composite can be defined as a composite material mainly composed of wood elements. These wood elements are usually bonded together by a thermosetting adhesive (wood truss products could also be regarded as wood-based composites, but connected by metal connectors). The commonly used adhesives include urea-based adhesive (such as urea formaldehyde resin), phenolic-based adhesive (including phenol resorcinol adhesives), isocyanate-based adhesive, and adhesives from renewable resources (like soybean, lignin etc). The wood elements in wood composites can be in many different forms such as ... 

Kadla, J.F. Kubo, S. Lignin-based polymer blends analysis of intermolecular interactions in lignin-synthetic polymer blends. Composites, Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2004, 35 (3), 395-400. 

The proportions of structural units of types 1-3 provide a basis for the classiflcation of lignins. The compositions of some important classes of lignins based on this criterion are listed in Table 7.1. 

The lignin based bio-composite ARBOFORM reinforced by natural fibres exhibits a series of... 

Phenol-formaldehyde resins are among the most important polymeric adhesives used in the wood based composite panel manufacturing industries [1]. Phenolic resins are prepared by the reaction of phenol or any substituted phenol with formaldehyde or other aldehydes, in the presence of acidic or basic catalyst. The price of phenol depends on the oil price and is likely to ever increase due to shortage of fossil resources. Hence, several lignin substitute products based on renewable materials derived from annual plants such as flax [2, 3] or kenaf [4], agricultural waste such as sugar cane bagasse [5] and wheat straw [6] or by-products from the... 

Methods for the isolation of lignin polymers, and for use of the isolated lignin polymers have been described (39). Lignin containing compositions can be used in carbon fiber composites, resins, adhesive binders and coatings, PLf-based foams, rubbers and elastomers, plastics, films, paints, nutritional supplements, food and beverage additives. Lignin polymers may be produced at low cost, and may... 

Kadla,)., Kubo, S., Venditti, R, Gilbert, R., Compere, A., and Griffith, W. (2002) Lignin-based carbon fibers for composite fiber applications. Carbon, 40 (15), 2913-2920. 

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