Ligand exchange, general

The granular metal-oxide adsorbents discussed in this chapter are activated alumina (AAl), modified activated aluminas, iron-oxide-coated sand (IOCS), granular ferric hydroxide (GFH or GEH), and proprietary filter media such as ADI. Although they differ in physical appearance, they all involve hydrous oxides of iron or aluminum that remove arsenic by a process of ligand exchange. Generally, they are employed in packed beds or small filters containing 28 X 48 mesh (0.6-... 

Interaction with plurivalent cations via ligand exchange mechanism is one more rather widely applied crosslinking technique. The network bonds of ionic or donor-acceptor nature are located, with respect to lifetime, between the truly covalent crosslinks and physical entanglements. Generally speaking, gelation in these systems is reversible. 

The spectrochemical series generally predicts the direction of ligand-exchange equilibria such as (4.69), with ligands to the right being more tightly bound (and... 

In the electrochemical case, this ought to be reflected both in slow exhange kinetics and also in a value of the transfer coefficient significantly different from one-half. Dr. Vlcek originally attributed the observed slow electrochemical rate to transfer via excited electronic states. I do not think that is correct. I believe that slow kinetics of ligand exchange in the first solvation shells are generally responsible... 

Stable cobalt (III) ion complexes with which ligand exchange does not occur were prepared by the scheme of equation (32) (Alexander and Busch, 1966 Buckingham et al., 1967a, b, c), and were isolated and characterized. Large rate enhancements in hydrolysis are observed in comparison with the uncomplexed esters for attack of Hj O at pH 1-4, but it is of greatest interest that the reactions are markedly catalysed by general bases. It has been observed that... 

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