Leakage Surveys

The records available as a result of leakage surveys and normal maintenance work shall be promptly reviewed for evidence of continuing corrosion. Whenever a buried facility is exposed during normal maintenance or construction activities, a visual examination shall be made of the coating condition and any exposed metal surface. 

Each operating company shall provide for periodic leakage surveys of the facility in its operating and maintenance plan. The types of surveys selected shall be... 

Each operating company having a hydrogen distribution system shall set up, in its operating and maintenance plan, a provision for the making of periodic leakage surveys on the system. 

Patrols and leakage surveys are conducted at intervals consistent with those established by the operating company for Location Class 3. 

The condition of the line shall be determined by leakage surveys, other field examinations, and examination of maintenance records. 

VII-3 LEAKAGE SURVEY AND TEST METHODS VII-3.1 Surveys and Methods... 

The following hydrogen gas leakage surveys and test methods may be employed, as applicable, singly or in combination, in accordance with written procedures ... 

A gas/gas heat exchanger at a refinery had a known leakage, which it for technical reasons had been impossible to repair completely. The objective of the survey was to determine the leakage size in terms of the percentage of process stream crossing it. 

The types of surveys selected shall be effective for determining if potentially hazardous leakage exists. The following are some procedures that may be employed ... 

Other acceptable survey methods shall be used for locations within a vegetation survey area where vegetation is not adequate to indicate the presence of leakage. 

Step 5. Because information about site contamination is important, the plant manager is provided with a hydrocarbon site survey at the same time hydrocarbon vapor maps serve to show the magnimde of leakage and the extent of the contamination if leaks are detected if no leaks are detected, the absence of hydrocarbons confirms this finding. 

Determination of the presence of contaminant plumes and their flow direction and movement rate is commonly required at hazardous waste sites. The first determination is whether leakage from the hazardous waste site is occurring. If the existence of a plume is confirmed, its direction and extent should be established and identified. A preliminary geophysical survey can aid in better defining the contaminant plume, leading to more effective monitoring with a smaller number of monitoring wells. 

When INAA is used and the concentration of Na in the sample is above 1%, the Na y-rays mask other useful y-ray peaks. In particular, arsenic and zinc abundances are not as easily determined in the shales as they are in coal by INAA (28). The oil and water appear to present no leakage problems at fluxes of 2 X 10 n cm" sec" for irradiation periods of 2 hr. These liquids were irradiated in sealed polyethylene vials inside of sealed polyethylene bags. The neutron activation analyses were performed at the U.S. Geological Survey in Denver, Golorado. 

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