Leak monitoring system temperature

The pressure of the system was controlled to within 0.5 mm Hg for each series by a Cartesian diver manostat connected to a positive air leak, a vacuum pump, and a surge volume of 12 liters. An absolute mercury-in-glass manometer with a 0.1 mm sliding vernier was used to measure the pressure. Temperatures were monitored via two copper-constantan thermocouples one was located just above the liquid surface and the other just below it. Maximum differences of 0.4°C were detected, but an average of the two readings was reported to 0.2°C. Glacial acetic acid and acetone, both meeting ACS specifications, were used. 

Specific chemical scrubbers which are switched into the sample stream to remove the target gas may be used as double checks for possible gas leaks before activating an alarm. Flame-emission-spectrometry monitors are not affected by humidity, air flow, or temperature. Commercially available systems have been perfected to the point where they can respond in only 2 s of sampling time. Calibration of such systems is recommended every six months. The latter procedure takes approximately 30 min with standards provided. (The primary manufacturer of this type of system is Telos Labs.)... 

The general philosophy to be followed and major features of I feC systems has been decided. Design of control room is under review and man-machine interface is under study. Conceptual design of systems for core temperature monitoring, flow measurement in primary sodium, reactor protection, failed fuel detection and SG leak detection have been prepared. Flux monitoring and failed fuel detection systems are under discussion. 

During normal operations, checklists and samples are collected as advanced instrumentation monitors the process. The types of problems a fired heater or furnace system typically encounter include flame impingement on tubes, coke buildup inside the tubes, hot spots inside the furnace, fuel composition changes, burner flameout, control valve failure, and feed-pump failure. Other problems may include incorrect temperature indicator readings, failure of oxygen analyzers, oxygen leaks on the furnace, and the unexpected shutdown of downstream equipment. A fired heater system is designed to run almost continuously, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The operational team is in place to ensure that the equipment and systems operate safely, effectively, and produce a quality product that meets or exceeds customer expectations. 

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