Lathyrus odoratus

Lathyrus odoratus lectin Lathyrus odoratus a-Man [mitogenic]... 

Ofher legumes that are commonly grown in gardens include the Japanese wisteria (Wisteria floribunda), Chinese wisteria (W sinensis), and related species. The sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus) is also commonly grown as an attractive, climbing plant. 

Cardiotoxicity of primary amines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoproterenol) was noted earlier, and has been recognized for nearly 100 years. The vascular toxicity of these and related compounds has also recently been recognized. The effects seem to focus on medial cells of the artery wall, rather than on adventitial or endothelial cells. Early changes include loss of medial cells, mineralization, and loss of elastic fibers. Later there is a compensatory proliferation of intimal cells. The vascular toxicity of two related compounds is particularly striking. One of these compounds, allylamine, will be discussed near the end of this chapter. The second is )S-aminoproprionitrile ()S-APN), which is the active agent in the toxic sweet pea, Lathyrus odoratus. Consumption of flour derived from this plant results in lathyrism, a condition often seen in children and young... 

Some species in the Vicieae produce additional compounds to the main types. We found, for example, that the sweet pea, Lathyrus odoratus, proved to be almost unique in the tribe in synthesizing two 3-ethylchromones. Such chromones had not been found before in nature. Furthermore, one of them, 5,7-dihydroxy-3-ethylchromone, was significantly more fungltoxlc than plsatln (15). Last year, Fuchs and his co-workers at Wageningen (16) reported further phy-toalexlns in the sweet pea, two o-hydroxydlhydrochalcones, odoratol and methylodoratol. 

Data mainly from 13. Other compounds besides those mentioned were found in individual species. Traces of medicarpin have been found in Vlcla faba, but the major response is furanoacetylene production. Lathyrus odoratus yields chromones and a-hydroxy dihydrochalcones as... 

Lathyrus odoratus 52 a5.8 320 O2P2 aMan > aGlc > GlcNAc ABO [7]... 

T (A reaction in which aldehydes form an a, /Tunsaturated aldehyde linkage is referred to as an aldol condensation. In condensation reactions a small molecule, in this case H20, is removed.) In a disease called lathyrism, which occurs in humans and several other animals, a toxin (/J-aminopropionitrile) found in sweet peas (Lathyrus odoratus) inactivates lysyl oxidase. Consider the abundance of collagen in animal bodies and suggest some likely symptoms of this malady. 

The skeletal and vascular form of lathyrism (odoratism) produced by feeding sweet peas (Lathyrus odoratus) or p-aminopropionitrile (SIS) bears certain resemblances to scurvy. Only a single observation is recorded about any possible connection. The production of odoratism in rats was not modified by feeding them 12 mg ascorbic acid daily (LIO). 

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) Sweetpea (Lathyrus odoratus) American elm (Ulmus americana)... 

One of the most wonderful sights and scents of summer is a vase of freshly picked sweet peas Lathyrus odoratus) in shades of pink, white, yellow, blue, purple, and burgundy. By growing your own, you can pick a bunch every couple of days—and the more you pick, the longer your plants will produce flowers through the summer months. 

Sweet pea Lathyrus odoratus 1 Neuropathy (lathyrism) after chronic use... 

Insoluble streptococcal dextran has been used for the affinity chromatographic purification of the extracellular D-glucosyltransferase from Streptococcus mutans 6715, and Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) lectins have been purified by affinity chromatography on crosslinked dextran (Sephadex ). ... 

The levels of lsoxazolin-5-ones, Including the glucosyl derivatives (32), present in the plant Lathyrus odoratus at various stages of development have been determined.The N-glucuronldes of the carcinogenic N-hydroxyarylamlnes, N-hydroxy-4-aminoblphenyl, N-hydroxy-2-amlnofluorene, and N-hydroxy-2-amlnonaphthalene, e.g.,... 

Although most phytoalexins in the Fabaceae are of isofla-vonoid origin, a-hydroxydihydrochalcone (75), odoratol (76), and methylodoratol (77) are formed de novo as stress compounds in the pods and cotyledons of Lathyrus odoratus (Fuchs et al., 1984). 

Fuchs, A., F. W, de Vries, C. A. Landheer, and van Veldhuizen, Odoratol and methylodoratol, two a-hydroxydihydrochalcone stress metabolites from Lathyrus odoratus. Phytochemistry, 23, 2199-2201 (1984). 

Osteolathyrism involves bone and mesenchymal tissue aberrations. Consumption of seeds of Lathyrus odoratus often leads to this malady. Other species, such as Lathyrus hirsutus and L. pusillus, give rise to both (Rosenthal, 1991). Although not often implicated, other genera of plants contain some of the same amino acids. 

Lathyrinogenic amino acids nonproteogenic amino acids occurring in the seeds of some species of vetch (Lathyrus). They include diaminobutyric acid H2N-(CH2)2-CH(NH2)- 00H (neurolathrinogenic effect), p-aminopropionitrile, which occurs as the glutamyl peptide in the seeds of Lathyrus. odoratus, and presumably the N-oxaloyl-a,p-diamino-propionic acid HOOC-CH(NH2)CH2-NH-CO-COOH. The disease caused in humans and animals by L.a.a. is called lathyrism, and takes various forms, e.g. neuro-(nerve)- and osteo(bone)-lathyrism e.g. PiAiy-gluta-rayI)aminopropionitrile causes skeletal abnormalities in rats... 

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