Lateral separation

Patty esters (wax esters), formed by ester interchange of the product alcohol and the starting material in the hydrogenolysis reactors, are later separated from the product by distillation. Unreacted methyl esters are also converted to fatty esters in the distillation step... 

Generally, recyclables are either coUected at curbside or deposited by consumers at various types of drop-off locations, such as local recycling centers, community service clubs, dealers, and commercial buyback centers. Curbside coUections of recyclables can be accompUshed either in conjunction with the pickup of aU MSW or as a separate activity. Co-coUection systems range from complete commingling of aU waste for later separation at a mixed waste processing facility to transporting essentially source-separated recyclables in the same tmck as MSW. 

The production of cerium derivatives begins with ore beneficiation and production of a mineral concentrate. Attack on that concentrate to create a suitable mixed lanthanide precursor for later separation processes follows. Then, depending on the relative market demand for different products, there is either direct production of a cerium-rich material, or separation of the mixed lanthanide precursor into individual pure lanthanide compounds including compounds of pure cerium, or both. The starting mineral determines how the suitable mixed lanthanide precursor is formed. In contrast the separation... 

An unsaturated solution has less than the maximum amount of solute dissolved. Sometimes, if the temperature, purity of the solute and solvent, and other factors are just right, you might be able to dissolve more than the maximum amount of solute, resulting in a supersaturated solution. Supersaturated solutions are unstable, and sooner or later separation of the excess solute will occur, until a saturated solution and separated solute remain. 

In addition, advice for a later separation of the solvent mix would be helpful. Solvents have to be reused and purification of the solvents used is crucial. 

Extraction of residual organic phase using a third diluent, from which it is later separated, typically by distillation... 

These solvents have high solubility for aromatics but not for nonaromatics. They also have high boiling points for later separation from the aromatics. Fractionation separates the benzene from the solvent and other aromatics. A typical Udex extraction starting with a reformed feed of 51.3% aromatic content gives 7.6% benzene, 21.5% toluene, 21%, xylenes, and 1.2% C9 aromatics. The recovery rate is 99.5% of the benzene, 98% of the toluene, 95% of the xylene, and 80% of the C9 aromatics. 

A combined Merox process operation is also utilized to sweeten fuel. This countercurrent method involves feeding fuel into the bottom of a vertical reactor and feeding caustic and catalyst from the top. Mercaptans are extracted into the caustic and react to form disulfides. The caustic and disulfides are later separated. The following reactions occur during the Merox sweetening process ... 

Traditionally, com is dry-milled and suspended in boiling water to free the carbohydrate-rich starch compound from the nonstarch, cellulose biomass. The starch and cellulose components at this stage carry through the process. The non-convertible cellulose biomass is later separated. The milled com-water slurry, called mash, is boiled for about 1 hour. Enzymes such as a-amylase can be added to the process to help prevent gellation of starch. 

Shallots Allium ascalonicum) are an allium wherein the bulb laterals separate into individual bulbs. Apparently, shallots do not develop a lachrymatory factor, such as thiopropanal-S-oxide upon maceration [35]. The major aroma constituents in shallots are similar to those found in A.cepa. In raw shallots, the most important aroma compounds appear to be dipropyl disulfide, propyl ( )-prope-nyl disulfide, methyl propyl trisulfide, dimethyl trisulfide and dipropyl trisulfide (Table 7.5, Fig. 7.6) [35, 152, 153]. 

When solutions of the salts are acidified there is a gradual deposition of sulphur, the rate being dependent on the concentration of the solutions as well as on other factors. No turbidity is observable at first, and the interval is sometimes ascribed to the sulphur remaining in colloidal solution for a time,7 subsequent neutralisation not preventing the later separation of at least some of the sulphur also, the presence of colloidal particles may be detected by the ultra-microscope.8 With solutions of one gram-molecule of sodium thiosulphate and one gram-molecule of... 

After passing through the media these enlarged drops later separate by gravity in the separation chamber portion of the vessel The media requires cleaning when it becomes saturated with oil... 

A large group of ferns that, at one time or another, included many of the families later separated from this cosmopolitan, but primarily... 

Fig. 28. Classification of crossbridge configurations in myosin filaments in different muscles. In each case, the axial separation is 143-145 A and the lateral separation is 120-150 A. There are three main classes (A) Class I, where the interaction is between heads of the same molecule as in vertebrate striated muscles (B) Class II, where interaction occurs between heads of adjacent myosin molecules in the same crown, as seen in insect (Lethocerus) flight muscles and (C) Glass III, where the interaction appears to be between heads in different crowns, as seen in tarantula and Limulus.

A continuous micro structured foil fabricated by wet-chemical etching was unwound from a roll and continuously coated with slurry. If required, the metal foil could be pre-cut to any plate size by laser cutting at defined positions. This would ease later separation of the plates after coating. These etched and laser-cut foils are products already commercially available. First tests were performed with micro structured foils and described in detail in Chapter 4. 

Asymmetric polyisoprene (PI) three-arm stars with variable length of the third arm were synthesized using the same method [8]. The reaction of the living PI chains with excess methyltrichlorosilane was performed at 5 °C. This low temperature was selected in an effort to minimize the coupled byproduct. Nevertheless the reduced steric hindrance of the PILi chain end in association with the low molecular weight of the polydienes used (Mn=5500 and 1100) led to the formation of an appreciable amount of the coupled byproduct, which was later separated by fractionation, with the excess of the last coupled arm, using a sol-vent-precipitant system. Pure products were finally isolated as evidenced by the molecular characterization techniques used (SEC, MO, SLS). 

The most discussed issue in chiral surface science is whether enantiomeric lateral separation occurs after adsorption of racemates. Compared to the... 

When carrying out the pillaring procedure, it is necessary to prevent overloading the interlayer or hosting an excessively small amount of pillars, otherwise a nonporous intercalate or unstable structure is produced [142], The pillar altitude should be similar as the lateral separation between pillars, resulting in a product with an almost regular pore size distribution [150],... 

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