Laboratorium Chymicum

See Lundgren, "The Changing Role of Numbers," 251 and Sten Lindroth, "Urban Hiarne and the Laboratorium Chymicum," Lynchos (194647) 51112. 

Kunckel, J., Vollsfflndiges Laboratorium chymicum, Riidigersche Buch-... 

Lindroth, Sten, Urban I-Iiarne och Laboratorium Chymicum, ibid, 1946-... 

Ammonia. Haim undo Lulio (Raymond Lully) mentioned caustic ammonia in the thirteenth century (36). Johann Kunckel (or Kunkel) von Lowenstem (1630-1702) described it in his posthumously published Vollstandiges Laboratorium Chymicum (37). He prepared it by adding lime to sal ammoniac (38). 

Kunkel von Lowenstern, Johann, "Vollstandiges Laboratorium Chymicum, ... 

According to Romocki [2], in 1630, the Dutchman, van Drebbel was the first chemist to investigate mercury fulminate, and explosive gold . The first description of the laboratory preparation of mercury fulminate is given in Kunkel s book Laboratorium Chymicum published in 1690 [3]. This substance was described again by Howard in 1799-1800 [4]. No further discoveries of other primary explosives were made until the development of modern chemistry. 

Cassius practically to the manufacture of ruby glass. In his posthumous Laboratorium Chymicum he says 3... 

Kunckel, Collegium Physico-Chymicum Experimentale, Oder Laboratorium Chymicum, ed. Engelleder, Hamburg, 1716, p. 213. Cf. Davis, Army Ordnance, 7, 62 (1926). 

This report is provided by Johannes Kunckel, groom of the chamber of the Elector of Saxony, in his Laboratorium Chymicum . ... 

An Englishman, E. D. Clarke, visited the Laboratorium Chymicum in Stockholm and its director P. J. Hjelm in 1799. What he wrote in his travelHng report is remarkable He (Hjelm) showed me a very great chemical curiosity namely a mass of chromium in the metallic state nearly as large as the top of a man s thumb . 

Had Hjelm, only two years after the discovery of chromium, obtained a sample from VauqueHn Or had the Laboratorium Chymicum repeated the Paris experiment on a larger scale in its powerful furnace equipment ... 

Scheele tried very hard to reduce the earth at high temperature with carbon-rich fluxes but failed. He says resignedly I did not notice the least trace of anything metal-Hc. His furnaces at the pharmacy in Koping were not strong enough. Scheele appealed now to the Laboratorium Chymicum in Stockholm with its famous large fur-... 

In 1727 Georg Brandt was appointed manager for the Laboratorium Chymicum with the duty to analyze different ores and make chemical experiments of benefit for the noble metallurgy . Premises were made available in the Royal Mint. Under Brandt s leadership the Laboratorium... 

Back in Sweden Geoig Brandt was employed in 1727 at the Laboratorium Chymicum, stiU as the holder of a scholarship but in fact as the laboratory manager. Not until 1748 was he formally appointed manager of the laboratory with the duty to analyze different ores and make chemical experiments of... 

In the middle of the 18 century, the Laboratorium Chymicum in Stockholm (see Chapter 30 Cobalt) was an institution with a worldwide reputation. When the platinum question came up in Europe it was natural that the eyes of European chemists were directed towards Stockholm. It was Henrik Scheffer who was assigned to examine the new metal. 

Henrik Scheffer (1710-1759) studied mathematics in Uppsala with Anders Celsius and chemistry under Georg Brandt at the Laboratorium Chymicum. 

In 1739 he became manager of a gold mine and factory in Adelfors but returned about 1750 to Stockholm and the Laboratorium Chymicum. In 1775 professor Torbem Bergman in Uppsala published Scheffer s Collected Lectures in Chemistry. 

South America. Obviously he had also got samples of the metal, which he handed over to the Laboratorium Chymicum in Stockholm. 

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