Labor inducers

N.A. Gossypol, flavonoids." This herb is toxic. As a labor-inducing agent, promote abortion or onset of menstruation. Gossypol causes infertility in men. 

An example from the PR is the steroid ligand asoprisnil, which has been shown to produce antiuterotrophic effects with only minimal labor-inducing and breakthrough bleeding effects [76]. 

Blue cohosh has been used to augment labor and also for up to several weeks prior to the due date as a parturifacient (Felter and Lloyd 1898) and was officially listed as a labor inducer in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia from 1882-1905. There have been a small number of serious adverse events reported in infants born to mothers taking blue cohosh several weeks prior to birth. A 1999 survey of nurse midwives found that 64% used blue cohosh, often in combination with black cohosh, to augment labor during delivery. This survey noted that blue cohosh is the herb midwives... 

In vitro studies have indicated that Scotch broom has a stimulating effect on the uterus (Seel 1949 Wolfes et al. 1936). The compound sparteine was the subject of human clinical trials as a labor inducer and was found to be as potent as oxytocin (Casarett et al. 2001). 

The first SPRM to reach the advanced stage of clinical development for treatment of endometriosis and uterine fibroids, asoprisnil, is expected to receive FDA approval this year. The therapeutic effect of asoprisnil stems from its PR antagonist/ antiproliferative activity in the endometrium and breast. Unlike classical PR antagonists however, this compound does not induce labor in animal models of pregnancy and parturition. Recent structural studies... 

Oxytocic drag s are drug s that are used in antepartum (before birth of the neonate) to induce uterine contractions similar to those of normal labor. These dragp are desirable when early vaginal delivery is in the best interest of the woman and the fetus. 

Methylergonovine is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the drug, hypertension, and preeclampsia and should not be used to induce labor (Pregnancy Category C). Methylergonovine is used cautiously in patients with renal or hepatic impairment. When methylergonovine is administered concurrently with vasopressors or to patients who are heavy cigarette smokers, excessive vasoconstriction may occur. 

Oxytocin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, cephalopelvic disproportion, unfavorable fetal position or presentation, in obstetric emergencies, situations of fetal distress when delivery is not imminent, severe toxemia (preeclampsia, eclampsia), hypertonic uterus, during pregnancy (intranasal administration), when there is total placenta previa, or to induce labor when vaginal delivery is contraindicated. Oxytocin is not expected to be a risk to the fetus when administered as indicated. When oxytocin is administered with vasopressors, severe hypertension may occur. 

OXYTOCIN The patient receiving oxytocin to induce labor may have concern over the use of the drug to produce contractions. When given to induce or stimulate contractions, oxytocin may only be given intravenously (IV). The nurse explains the purpose of the IV infusion and the expected results to the patient. Because the patient receiving oxytocin must be closely supervised, the nurse spends time with the patient and offers encouragement and reassurance to help reduce anxiety. 

Judith Watson, aged 28 years, is admitted to the obstetric unit and is to receive oxytocin to induce labor. This is her first child, and she is extremely anxious. Analyze what information would be necessary for her to receive from the nurse before the administration of oxytocin. What assessments would be important for the nurse to make during treatment with oxytocin ... 

Effects produced by exposure to acrylonitrile, particularly after acute exposures, are characteristic of cyanide toxicity. These effects can be detected in people exposed by evaluating signs and symptoms such as limb weakness, labored and irregular breathing, dizziness and impaired judgement, cyanosis and convulsions. While tests are not specific for acrylonitrile-induced toxicity, they do identify potential health impairment. Studies to develop more specific biomarkers of acrylonitrile-induced effects would be useful in assessing the potential health risk of acrylonitrile near hazardous waste sites. 

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