Kidneys membranes

CotteriU, L.A., Gower, J.D., Fuller, B.J. and Green, C.J. (1989a). Oxidative damage to kidney membranes during cold ischaemiaxvidence of a role for calcium. Transplantation 48, 745-751. 

Bouizar, Z., Fouchereau-Person, M., Taboulet, J., Moukhtar, M.S., and Milhaud, G. (1986) Purification and characterization of calcitonin receptors in rat kidney membranes by covalent cross-linking techniques. Eur. J. Biochem. 155, 141-147. 

Figure 5.5. Inhibition of specific binding of Glc-0-C8-AVP to rat kidney membrane fraction. Adapted from reference [24].

To optimize the alkyl-chain length, the effect of different numbers of methylene groups on the CLuptake in vivo and specific binding to kidney membranes was examined. Glc-S-C5-AVP showed a much lower whereas Glc-S-Cll-AVP had a higher CLup j e and specific... 

Aquaporins. Many biological membranes are not sufficiently permeable to water to allow for rapid osmotic flow. For example, the kidney membranes in... 

Although the data show a relationship between the ability of a surface to adsorb fibrinogen out of plasma, the plasma s inability to convert this fibrinogen, and the tendency of platelets to adhere, it does not confirm that adsorption of fibrinogen must precede adhesion of platelets to all kinds of surface, or that surfaces which adsorb fibrinogen under these conditions will be bad biomaterials in vivo as heart valves, blood vessels, or canulae, or ex vivo as artificial kidney membranes—even though the latter are most likely to be impeded by any adsorbate. 

Scherberich JE, Wolf G. Disintegration and recovery of kidney membrane proteins Consequences of acute and chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 1994 47(Suppl) S52-S57. 

In addition to its intrinsic reduced affinity for thrombin, the higher doses required for inhibitor 7 may be correlated to its pharmacokinetics and metabolic susceptibility. The t /2p of r-hirudin and inhibitor 7 were approximately the same in the rat (25-30 minutes) while for the low molecular weight inhibitor 7 it is less than 3 minutes. It is well known that the kidney serves as the primary site of elimination of many polypeptide based drugs [77]. Indeed hirudin is excreted intact in the urine of several species [78]. We found that differences in the rate of elimination between inhibitors 4 and 7 may be explained in part by differences in the metabolic susceptibility toward rat kidney membrane proteases. The principal result from these studies is that the truncated inhibitor 7 is much more proteolytically labile compared to 4 in vitro. In 7, the proteolytic products arise rmidly (< 5 min) firom the cleavage of the Phe -Glu bond followed by cleavage of Asp -Phe, both of which are sufficient to inactivate the peptide. In inhibitor 4, three principal proteolytic sites were identified, two of which are within the spacer residues 1) Leu -Gln 2) Asn -Asp and 3) Gln -Ser . However, intact compound could still be detected after 30 minutes. 

First, we synthesized a series of cirazoline derivatives and evaluated their pharmacological effects on rabbit aorta and their I receptor affinity on rabbit kidney membranes. The results reported in Table 1 show that their ability to interact with ai-adrenergic as opposed to I receptors follows a characteristic pattern. 

Guillon, G., Butlen, D. and Rajerison, R. (1984). Evidence for two molecular forms of solubilized vasopressin receptors in rat kidney membranes Regulation by guanyl nucleotides. Mol Pharmacol, 26, 241-247... 

Colchicine, given intraperitoneally to rats before and after injection of L-[ H]fucose, markedly inhibits the incorporation of labelled glycoprotein into microvillus membrane with a corresponding increase in incorporation into the lateral basal membrane. By using specific immunochemical techniques in combination with two-dimensional electrophoresis, it is possible to identify a set of four glycoprotein sub-units present only in placental brush border membranes. A group of seven placental glycoproteins was found to be common to liver and kidney membranes. 

Chitosan membranes have been proposed as an artificial kidney membrane because of their suitable permeability and high tensile strength. Chitosan and its same derivatives are used to prepare scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. It can also be used for designing artificial skin, treatment of brain-scalp damage, and in plastic skin surgery. Chitosan has replaced the synthetic polymers in ophthalmo-logical applications due to its characteristic properties such... 

Not only fibres can be produced with such technologies. Once the cellulose or its derivative is dissolved, this dope can be shaped into other bodies like hollow fibres for membrane applications (artificial kidney), membrane films, packaging films (e.g. Cellophane), self-adhesive tapes (Sellotape), or sponges. 

Putative HDL receptors have been proposed in a variety of organs, including kidneys [20] and liver [21-23]. Table 3 shows that the specific binding of rat HDL to kidney membranes is not dependent on the Apo E content of HDL. 

Table 3. Specific binding of high density lipoproteins to partially purified liver and kidney membranes...

Van Tol A, Dalhnga-Thie GM, Van Gent T, Van t Hooft FM (1986) Specific saturable binding of rat high density hpoproteins to rat kidney membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 876 340-351... 

Dialyzer. One of the most successful products derived from membrane technology is the artificial kidney. Membranes are used to remove metabolites accumulated in the blood. 

---