Kettle soap making

Fischer formula, 4 697 a-Ketoxime, reduction, 2 572 Kettle soap making, 22 723, 736-737 Kettle-type reboilers, 79 510 Kevlar, 70 211, 212 79 742 20 79, 399 TD resins in, 22 589 Kevlar fibers, 73 373-376 26 760 Kew laboratories, 77 248—249 Key-and-lock principle, 7 574 Keyword-in-context (KWIC) index, 78 239 KF alumina, 5 337 Kharasch process, 79 114 Kidney, citric acid in, 6 632t Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (K/DOQI), 26 823 Kidney failure, 26 813 Kidney function, normal, 26 813 Kielselguhr 22 402... 

Saponification, 22 732, 70 502-503, 20 465 See also Soap entries continuous, 22 737-738, 741 in kettle soap making, 22 736-737 of oils and fats, 22 736-741 in vinyl alcohol polymerization, 25 609-610 Saponification number of waxes, 26 223... 

By the late nineteenth century the basic chemistry of soap making was understood and the principles of kettle soap making were essentially in place. The next major developments had to wait until the early twentieth century when physical chemists studied the detailed phase behavior of soap and in parallel Wigner identified a quantitative approach to soap making (3). In combination these activities paved the way for continuous soapmaking operations using a wide range of oils/fats. 

Soap making by this method is a faster process than the kettle boil process and generates less wastewater effluent (Fig. 4). Because it is faster, simpler, and cleaner than the kettle boil process, it is the preferred process among larger as well as small manufacturers. 

Kettle A simple batch process for making soap by boiling fat with an aqueous alkali solution in a kettle. ... 

The following is the French system of making tallow curd or grained soap to transform 1,000 lbs. of tallow into grain or curd soap, 400 lbs. of potash have to be taken. Tbe tallow is placed in the kettle (panj, about 400 Ihs. of ley of lO B. added, and the fire kin e In a short tune... 

White Cocoa-nut Oil Soap-—Oristiani gives the following directions for making this soap in a simple and quick way —To prepare 100 lbs. of this soap, introduce into a kettle holding from 200 to 250 gallons, 200 lbs. 

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