Jeffrey pine beetle

Hall G. M., Tittiger C., Blomquist G. J., Andrews G., Mastick G., Barkawi L. A., Bengoa C. S. and Seybold S. J. (2002b) Male Jeffrey Pine Beetles, Dendroctonus jeffreyi, synthesize the pheromone component frontalin in anterior midgut tissue. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 32, 1525-1532. 

Jeffrey pine beetle, Dendroctonus jeffreyi Hopkins, which had been previously treated with juvenile hormone III (JH III, 2.2 pg/beetle in acetone) and then placed in an aeration tube for 25 to 30 h. Ips paraconfusus and I. pini were each injected with 0.2 pCi of sodium [1-14C]acetate prior to placement in cut pine logs and volatile collection, while D. jeffreyi were each injected with 3.8 (male) and 3.7 (female) pCi of sodium [1-14C]acetate 6.4 (male) and 10.7 (female) h after JH application. (G) The role of the mevalonate pathway in frontalin biosynthesis is supported by the incorporation of radiolabel from [2-14C]mevalonolactone into frontalin by male D. jeffreyi (2.2 pg JH 11 l/beetle in acetone, 10 h incubation and volatile collection, 1.1 pCi of [2 14C] mevalonolactone injected, 20 h volatile collection). Figures adapted from Seybold et al. (1995b) and Barkawi (2002). 

Barkawi L. S. (2002) Biochemical and molecular studies of aggregation pheromones of bark beetles in the genus Dendroctonus (Coleoptera Scolytidae), with special reference to the Jeffrey pine beetle, Dendroctonus jeffreyi Hopkins. PhD thesis. Univ. Nevada, Reno, 193 pp. 

Paine T. D., Millar J. G., Hanlon C. C. and Hwang J.-S. (1999) Identification of semiochemicals associated with Jeffrey pine beetle, Dendroctonus jeffreyi. J. Chem. Ecol. 25, 433 153. 

Renwick J. A. A. and Pitman G. B. (1979) An attractant isolated from female Jeffrey pine beetles, Dendroctonus jeffreyi. Environ. Entomol. 8, 40-41. 

Tittiger C., O Keeffe C., Bengoa C. S., Barkawi L. S., Seybold S. J. et al. 2000. Isolation and endocrine regulation of an HMG-CoA synthase cDNAfrom the male Jeffrey pine beetle, Dendroctonus jejfreyi (Coleoptera Scolytidae). Insect Biochem. Molec. Biol. 30, 1203-1211. 

TITTIGER, C., BARKAWI, L.S., BENGOA, C.S., BLOMQUIST, G.J., SEYBOLD, S.J., Structure and juvenile hormone-mediated regulation of the HMG-CoA reductase gene from the Jeffrey pine beetle, Dendroctonus jeffreyi, Molec. Cell Endocrinol, 2003,199, 11-21. 

SIX, D.L., PAINE, T.D., Allozyme diversity and gene flow in Ophiostoma clavigerum (Ophiostomatales Ophiostomataceae), the mycangial fungus of the Jeffrey pine beetle, Dendroctonus jeffreyi (Coleoptera Scolytidae), Can. J. For. Res., 1999, 29, 324-331. 

The genera] increase in injury in the severe and moderate plots is probably related to the 1974 increase in June-September dose (Figure 12-5). Tree mortality among ponderosa and Jeffrey pines was about the same in 1973 and 1974. The largest mortality was at permanent study plots in the moderate injury eatery. Perhaps the populations in these plots still retain greater numbers of the more susceptible genotypes. In earlier years, tree mortality rates for ponderosa or Je y pines in several stands suffering moderate to severe injury were 8% and 10%, respectively, from 1968 to 1972, 8% from 1969 to 1971, and 24% from 1966 to 1%9. The final cause of death of weakened trees is usually the pine bark beetle. Mortality has not been observed in tree species other than ponderosa and Jeffrey pine. 

Pine resins may be divided into volatile (usually mono- and sesqui-terpenoid) and non-volatile (diterpenoid) and phenolic components e.g., lignin and its precursors). The two components are thought to act differently on invading beetles the volatiles are chemical toxins, whereas the non-volatiles are more of a physical barrier. Phloem and oleo-resin compositions differ among tree species, " and some components can be induced by beetle attacks. " Predominant resin monoterpenes in various hosts include A3-carene, limonene, and P-pinene in ponderosa pine A3-carene, limonene, and P-phellandrene in Jeffrey pine and a-pinene and A3-carene in pinyon pine P. edulis) , 48,52,53 jj. 

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