Pinyon pine

Mueller, R. C. and Gehring, C. A. 2006. Interaction between an above-ground plant parasite and below-ground ectomycorrhizal fungal communities on pinyon pine. Journal of Ecology, 94(2) 276-284. 

Anderson contributed a paper to the 1956 International Consultation on Insulation Board, Hardboard and Particle Board (26). In addition to a good review of the literature, the paper contained results of further experimentation using the barks of several more species as furnish for wet-process hardboard. New species included ponderosa pine, sugar pine, southern pine, pinyon pine, lodgepole pine, noble fir, and red oak. Ponderosa pine bark produced hardboard comparable to Douglas-fir bark in both strength and moisture resistance. The other species varied widely in these properties. 

Pine resins may be divided into volatile (usually mono- and sesqui-terpenoid) and non-volatile (diterpenoid) and phenolic components e.g., lignin and its precursors). The two components are thought to act differently on invading beetles the volatiles are chemical toxins, whereas the non-volatiles are more of a physical barrier. Phloem and oleo-resin compositions differ among tree species, " and some components can be induced by beetle attacks. " Predominant resin monoterpenes in various hosts include A3-carene, limonene, and P-pinene in ponderosa pine A3-carene, limonene, and P-phellandrene in Jeffrey pine and a-pinene and A3-carene in pinyon pine P. edulis) , 48,52,53 jj. 

COGNATO, A.I., HARLIN, A.D., FISHER, M.L., Genetic structure among pinyon pine beetle populations (Scolytinae Ips confusus). Environ. Entomol, 2003, 32, 1262-1270. 

These forests are predominantly softwoods which comprise 94 percent of the timber volume. About one-third of this volume is in the pinyon pine/juniper timber type which is relatively unimportant for wood production. Annual growth averages 29 cubic feet per acre per year, the lowest of all regions. These forests are very important for watershed, recreation, and livestock grazing. 

FT-Raman spectra of (i) Pinus monophylla pinyon resin (ii) Paiute water-bottle resin (iii) colophony resin (iv) rosin (v) Pinacae pine resin. 1064 nm excitation ... 

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